Advances in energy transfer processes: proceedings of the 16th course of the International School of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy: Erice, Sicily, Italy, 17 June-1 July, 1999

Baldassase Di Bartolo, Baldassare Di Bartolo, Xuesheng Chen9810247281, 9789810247287

This volume describes advances in both experimental and theoretical treatments in the field of energy transfer processes that are relevant to various fields, such as spectroscopy, laser technology, phosphors, artificial solar energy conversion, and photobiology. It presents the principles and available techniques through specific examples. In addition, it examines current and possible applications, including the most recent developments, and projects future advances and research possibilities in the field.

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Table of contents :
PREFACE……Page 18
CONTENTS……Page 20
1. Quantum-Mechanical Treatment of the Interactions among Atoms……Page 31
2. Different Types of Interactions……Page 49
3. Modes of Excitation and Transfer……Page 60
4. Energy Transfer with No Migration of Excitation among Donors……Page 65
5. Energy Transfer with Migration of Excitation among Donors……Page 80
References……Page 100
1. Introduction……Page 103
2. Conservation and Flow of Energy……Page 105
3. Density Current and Modes of Energy Transfer……Page 106
4. Description of Energy Transfer Processes……Page 126
5. Memory Functions and Non-Markovian Behavior……Page 142
6. Final Remarks……Page 149
References……Page 150
1. Introduction……Page 153
3. Vibrational Energy Redistribution in Molecules……Page 154
4. Overtone Spectroscopy……Page 158
5. Intramolecular Transitions in Electronically Excited Molecules……Page 164
6. Lifetime Measurements……Page 168
7. Measurements of Collisional Energy Transfer Among Excited States……Page 170
8. Collisional Transfer in Ground States of Molecules……Page 171
References……Page 174
2. Pump-probe Spectroscopy: Absorption……Page 177
3. Pump-probe Spectroscopy: Refractive Index……Page 185
4. Time-Resolved Luminescence……Page 188
5. Fourier Transform Spectroscopy……Page 191
References……Page 193
1. Introduction……Page 195
2. Application of the Polariton Concept to Three-Dimensional Matter……Page 208
3. Polaritons in Systems of Reduced Dimensionality……Page 220
4. Photonic Crystals……Page 230
5. Conclusion and Outlook……Page 238
References……Page 240
1. Introduction……Page 245
2. Theory……Page 250
3. Experimental Techniques……Page 256
4. Experimental Results I : Electron-Phonon Scattering……Page 263
5. Experimental Results II: Electron-Electron Scattering……Page 277
6. Summary……Page 285
7. Acknowledgements……Page 287
References……Page 288
2. Upconversion Phenomena……Page 291
3. Upconversion Processes……Page 293
References……Page 302
Introduction……Page 303
UV Transmitter for Ozone DIAL……Page 304
2-um Ho:Tm: YLF Laser System for Wind Velocity Measurements……Page 305
Composition Tuned Neodymium Garnet……Page 306
References……Page 308
1. Introduction……Page 311
2. Transfer from the Host Lattice to a Dopant……Page 313
3. External Control of the Energy Transfer Process……Page 319
4. Transfer via Surface States……Page 323
6. Conclusion……Page 326
References……Page 327
1. Introduction……Page 329
2. Dye Development and Stability……Page 331
3. Semiconductor Layer Characteristics……Page 333
References……Page 335
1. Introduction……Page 337
2. Semiconductor Nano/Quantum Structures……Page 340
3. Coherence and Dephasing in Quantum Wells……Page 342
4. Coherence and Dephasing in Quantum Wires……Page 347
5. Coherence and Dephasing in Quantum Dots……Page 351
6. Conclusions……Page 355
References……Page 356
1. Introduction……Page 359
2. Physics of Energy Transfer……Page 361
3. Laser Physics……Page 364
4. Experiments……Page 366
5. Comments and Summary……Page 369
References……Page 370
1. Introduction……Page 371
2. Experimental……Page 375
3. Results and Discussion……Page 383
References……Page 387
1. Introduction……Page 389
2. Quenching of the F-Center Luminescence……Page 393
3. Quenching of the FA-Center Luminescence……Page 395
4. Quenching of the F2- and F+3-Center Luminescence……Page 398
5. Conclusions……Page 403
References……Page 405
1. Introduction……Page 407
2. Luminescent Materials……Page 408
3. Energy Transfer Mechanisms between Optical Centres……Page 414
4. Excitation with High Energy Particles……Page 423
5. Electroluminescence……Page 425
7. Energy Transfer in Action II: Blue and Green Emission from the Tb3+ Ion……Page 429
8. Energy Transfer in Action III: the Luminescence Properties of (La Gd)OBr:Ce Tb……Page 430
9. Energy Transfer in Action IV: Luminescence Materials Showing a Quantum Efficiency Larger than Unity……Page 433
10. Energy Transfer in Action V: Energy Transfer and Phosphor Degradation……Page 435
11. Summary and Outlook……Page 437
References……Page 438
Abstract……Page 441
1. Theory and Experimental Technique of Four-Wave Mixing……Page 442
2. Main Spectroscopic Properties and Transient Gratings in Cr3+ -Doped Laser Crystals……Page 446
3. Conclusion……Page 457
References……Page 459
1. Introduction……Page 461
2. Super-radiance and Superfluorescence in Rare-Doped Solids [1]……Page 462
3. Super-Fluorescence versus Amplification by Stimulated Emission (ASE) in Powders……Page 472
4. Anti-stokes Emission of Light or Up-conversion Processes in RE-doped Solids……Page 481
References……Page 500
Abstract……Page 505
1. Introduction……Page 507
2. Highlights and Open Questions in Particle Physics and Cosmology……Page 509
3. Outlook……Page 513
4. References……Page 514
Abstract……Page 515
1. Introduction……Page 517
2. Localized Vibrational Mode Spectroscopy……Page 521
3. Theoretical……Page 526
4. Numerical Computations and Results……Page 533
5. Comparison with Experimental Results……Page 537
6. Discussion……Page 543
8. Acknowledgments……Page 548
9. References……Page 549
1. Introduction……Page 553
2. The General Energy Transfer Master Equations……Page 555
3. GETME and Current Models……Page 557
4. Exact Solution to the GETME……Page 574
5. Concluding Remarks……Page 580
References……Page 581
Optical Amplification in Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers……Page 583
Charge Transfer Luminescence of Yb3+……Page 584
Pigmentation of CRT Phosphors……Page 585
The Influence of the Penetration Depth on the Colour Point of (Y Gd)BO3:Eu……Page 586
Sub-Picosecond Pulse Break-Up in an InGaAsP Optical Amplifier……Page 587
Doped Semiconductor Nanoparticles – A New Class of Luminescence Materials?……Page 588
Direct Extraction of Potentials and Dynamics from Condensed-Phase Pump-Probe Spectroscopy……Page 589
Near-Infrared to Visible Upconversion in Er3+ Doped CS3LU2CI9 Cs3Lu2Br9 and CS3Y2I9 Excited at 1.54mm……Page 590
New VUV Phosphors Using Downconversion……Page 591
Lattice Dynamics of CdS/ZnSe Superlattice……Page 592
Exciton-Exciton Interaction in ZnSe/ZnMgSSe Multiple Quantum Wells……Page 593
Self-Organized II-VI Semiconductor Quantum Islands……Page 594
ZnS:Mn2+ Nanocrystals: Influence of S2- during Synthesis……Page 595
A Metal/Insulator Transition in a 2D Electronic System at B=0……Page 596
Investigating Morphology and Phase-Behaviour of Polymers under Tensile Deformation Using Single Molecule Microscopy……Page 597
Organic Molecular Beam Deposition of 1 3 5 (Tris (6 7-Dimethyl-3-Phenyl) Quinoxaline-2-yl) Benzene……Page 599
Photoluminescence of Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Xerogels Doped with Eu3+……Page 601
Photoluminescence of Doped GaN Films……Page 602
Linear Optical Properties and Stimulated Emission of ZnO Epitaxial Layers……Page 603
Photoelectrochemical Behaviour of Chlorophyll a in Thin Films……Page 604
FIRST ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSION……Page 605
SECOND ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSION……Page 606
SUMMARY OF THE COURSE……Page 608
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS……Page 611
INDEX……Page 621