Denise Pumain (auth.), Denise Pumain (eds.)9781402041266, 1-4020-4126-8, 9781402041273, 1402041276
Hierarchy is a form of organisation of complex systems that rely on or produce a strong differentiation in capacity (power and size) between the parts of the system. It is frequently observed within the natural living world as well as in social institutions. According to the authors, hierarchy results from random processes, follows an intentional design, or is the result of the organisation which ensures an optimal circulation of energy for information.
This book reviews ancient and modern representations and explanations of hierarchies, and compares their relevance in a variety of fields, such as language, societies, cities, and living species. It throws light on concepts and models such as scaling laws, fractals and self-organisation that are fundamental in the dynamics and morphology of complex systems.
At a time when networks are celebrated for their efficiency, flexibility and better social acceptance, much can be learned about the persistent universality and adaptability of hierarchies, and from the analogies and differences between biological and social organisation and processes. This book addresses a wide audience of biologists and social scientists, as well as managers and executives in a variety of institutions.
Table of contents :
Introduction….Pages 1-12
Hierarchy: A Short History of a Word in Western Thought….Pages 13-37
Biological and Ecological Systems Hierarchical Organisation….Pages 39-70
Size, Scale and the Boat Race; Conceptions, Connections and Misconceptions….Pages 71-80
Hierarchy, Complexity, Society….Pages 81-119
Hierarchy in Lexical Organisation of Natural Languages….Pages 121-142
Hierarchy in Cities and City Systems….Pages 143-168
Alternative Explanations of Hierarchical Differentiation in Urban Systems….Pages 169-222
Conclusion….Pages 223-239
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