Introduction to Sound Processing

Rocchesso D.88-901126-1-1

Sound manipulation is an activity that find an increasing number of practitioners in the fields of artistic expression, technology, and science. These people have different goals and different backgrounds, but they greatly benefit from talking to each other using a common language and common tools. This book is aimed at providing such language and mathematical, algorithmic, and computational tools.

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Table of contents :
Continuous-Time Systems……Page 9
The Sampling Theorem……Page 11
Discrete-Time Spectral Representations……Page 14
Discrete-Time Systems……Page 19
The Impulse Response……Page 20
The Shift Theorem……Page 21
Stability and Causality……Page 22
Impulse Invariance……Page 23
Bilinear Transformation……Page 25
Quantization……Page 27
Digital Filters……Page 31
The Simplest FIR Filter……Page 32
The Phase Response……Page 37
Higher-Order FIR Filters……Page 40
Realizations of FIR Filters……Page 48
The Simplest IIR Filter……Page 51
Higher-Order IIR Filters……Page 55
Allpass Filters……Page 63
Realizations of IIR Filters……Page 65
Complementary filters and filterbanks……Page 70
Frequency warping……Page 72
The Circular Buffer……Page 75
Fractional-Length Delay Lines……Page 76
FIR Interpolation Filters……Page 77
Allpass Interpolation Filters……Page 80
The Non-Recursive Comb Filter……Page 82
The Recursive Comb Filter……Page 84
The Comb-Allpass Filter……Page 86
Sound Effects Based on Delay Lines……Page 87
Spatialization……Page 89
Reverberation……Page 97
The Filterbank View……Page 107
The DFT View……Page 108
Windowing……Page 111
Representations……Page 116
Accurate partial estimation……Page 118
Linear predictive coding (with Federico Fontana)……Page 121
The sinusoidal model……Page 125
Sines + Noise + Transients……Page 130
LPC Modelling……Page 131
The Digital Oscillator……Page 132
The Wavetable Oscillator……Page 133
Wavetable sampling synthesis……Page 135
Granular synthesis (with Giovanni De Poli)……Page 137
Frequency and phase modulation……Page 138
Nonlinear distortion……Page 143
A physical oscillator……Page 145
Coupled oscillators……Page 146
One-dimensional distributed resonators……Page 149
Fields……Page 153
Rings……Page 154
Complex Numbers……Page 155
Variables and Functions……Page 156
Polynomials……Page 160
Vectors and Matrices……Page 162
Exponentials and Logarithms……Page 166
Trigonometric Functions……Page 169
Derivatives of Functions……Page 172
Integrals of Functions……Page 176
Transforms……Page 177
The Laplace Transform……Page 178
The Fourier Transform……Page 179
The Z Transform……Page 180
Integer Numbers……Page 181
Rational Numbers……Page 183
Tools for Sound Processing (with Nicola Bernardini)……Page 185
Sounds in Matlab and Octave……Page 186
Digression……Page 187
Languages for Sound Processing……Page 190
Unit generator……Page 193
Examples in Csound, SAOL, and CLM……Page 194
Interactive Graphical Building Environments……Page 200
Examples in ARES/MARS and pd……Page 201
Inline sound processing……Page 203
Time-Domain Graphical Editing and Processing……Page 204
Analysis/Resynthesis Packages……Page 206
Structure of a Digital Signal Processor……Page 208
Memory Management……Page 210
Internal Arithmetics……Page 211
The Pipeline……Page 213
The ear……Page 215
Sound Intensity……Page 217
Psychophysics……Page 221
Pitch……Page 223
Masking……Page 225
Spatial sound perception……Page 227
References……Page 228