Magnetic resonance force microscopy and a single-spin measurement

Gennady P. Berman, Fausto Borgonovi, Vyacheslav N Gorshkov, Vladimir I Tsifrinovich9812566937, 9789812566935

Magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) is a rapidly evolving field which originated in 1990s and matured recently with the first detection of a single electron spin below the surface of a non-transparent solid. Further development of MRFM techniques will have a great impact on many areas of science and technology including physics, chemistry, biology, and even medicine. Scientists, engineers, and students from various backgrounds will all be interested in this promising field. The objective of this “multi-level” book is to describe the basic principles, applications, and the advanced theory of MRFM. Focusing on the experimental oscillating cantilever-driven adiabatic reversals (OSCAR) detection technique for single electron spin, this book contains valuable research data for scientists working in the field of quantum physics or magnetic resonance. Readers unfamiliar with quantum mechanics and magnetic resonance will be able to obtain an understanding and appreciation of the basic principles of MRFM.

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Table of contents :
Contents……Page 8
1 Introduction……Page 10
2 Spin Dynamics – Quasiclassical Description……Page 14
3 Spin Dynamics – Quantum Description……Page 24
4 Mechanical Vibrations of the Cantilever……Page 34
5.1 Static displacement of the cantilever tip (CT)……Page 42
5.2 Decoherence time……Page 47
6.1 Hamiltonian and master equation for the spin-CT system……Page 50
6.2 Solution for spin diagonal matrix elements……Page 56
6.3 Solution for spin off-diagonal matrix elements……Page 63
7 Periodic Spin Reversals in Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy (MRFM) Driven by 7r-Pulses……Page 68
8 Oscillating Adiabatic Spin Reversals Driven by the Frequency Modulated rf Field……Page 74
8.1 Schrödinger dynamics of the CT-spin system……Page 75
8.2 Decoherence and thermal diffusion for the CT……Page 88
9 Oscillating Cantilever-Driven Adiabatic Reversals (OSCAR) Technique in MRFM……Page 94
9.1 CT-spin dynamics: discussion and estimates……Page 96
9.2 Experimental detection of a single spin……Page 103
10.1 Quasiclassical theory: simple geometry……Page 106
10.2 Quantum theory of the OSCAR MRFM……Page 115
10.3 OSCAR frequency shift for a realistic setup……Page 123
11 Magnetic Noise and Spin Relaxation in OSCAR MRFM……Page 136
11.1 OSCAR relaxation in a spin ensemble……Page 137
11.2 Reduction of magnetic noise……Page 154
11.3 Simple model for quantum jumps……Page 162
11.4 Reduction of the frequency shift due to the CT-spin entanglement……Page 167
12.1 MRFM measurement of an entangled spin state……Page 172
12.2 MRFM based spin quantum computer……Page 178
13 MRFM Techniques and Spin Diffusion……Page 192
13.1 Spin diffusion in the presence of a nonuniform magnetic field……Page 193
13.2 Suppression of the spin diffusion in a spin quantum computer……Page 202
14 Conclusion……Page 216
14.1 Abbreviations……Page 218
14.2 Prefixes……Page 219
14.3 Notations……Page 220
Bibliography……Page 226
Index……Page 232