Radiologic Clinics Of North America HEPATIC IMAGING AND INTERVENTION

Table of contents :
COVER
……Page 1
PREFACE……Page 2
Ultrasound……Page 5
Computed Tomography……Page 6
Magnetic Resonance Imaging……Page 7
Nuclear Scintigraphy……Page 11
CLINICAL INFORMATION:A NECESSITY……Page 13
SUMMARY……Page 17
References……Page 18
ULTRASOUND AND THE EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT WITH A TRANSJUGULAR PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT……Page 21
SONOGRAPHY IN THE PATIENT CONSIDERED FOR ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION……Page 25
MONITORING THE PATIENT AFTER TRANSPLANTATION……Page 28
DETECTION OF LIVER METASTASES:COMPARISON OF MR IMAGING,DYNAMIC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY INTRAOPERATIVE ULTRASOUND,AND PERCUTANEOUS ULTRASOUND……Page 29
SONOGRAPHY OF VENO-OCCLUSIVE DISEASE OF THE LIVER AFTER BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION……Page 30
References……Page 31
Principles……Page 33
Multidetector Computed Tomography……Page 36
Scan Initiation Timing (Scan Delay Time)……Page 38
Noncontrast Computed Tomography……Page 39
Dual-phase (Biphasic)Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography……Page 41
Triple-Phase (Triphasic)Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography……Page 42
Multiplanar and Three-dimensional Applications……Page 44
Principles……Page 47
Computed Tomographic Hepatic Angiography……Page 48
Computed Tomography During Arterial Portography……Page 49
Lipiodol Computed Tomography……Page 50
References……Page 52
Protocols……Page 55
SURFACE COILS……Page 57
T1-WEIGHTED IMAGING……Page 58
T2-WEIGHTED IMAGING……Page 63
T2*-WEIGHTED IMAGING……Page 66
GADOLINIUM CHELATE –ENHANCED IMAGING……Page 67
References……Page 71
CLASSIFICATION OF CONTRAST AGENTS……Page 77
Extracellular Fluid Space Agents……Page 78
Reticuloendothelial Agents……Page 79
Hepatobiliary Agents……Page 81
Detection of Metastasis……Page 83
Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma……Page 85
Lesion Characterization……Page 88
References……Page 90
BIOPSY……Page 95
Indications and Contraindications……Page 96
Ultrasonography……Page 98
Computed Tomography……Page 99
Needle Selection……Page 100
Sampling Technique……Page 101
Results and Complications……Page 103
PERCUTANEOUS CATHETER DRAINAGE……Page 104
Patient Preparation……Page 105
Guidance Modalities……Page 106
Evacuation of Cavity and Follow-up Catheter Care……Page 107
Response to Drainage……Page 108
Amebic Abscess……Page 109
Necrotic Tumors……Page 110
Alcohol Injection……Page 111
Radiofrequency Ablation……Page 113
Complications……Page 114
Monitoring and Follow-up……Page 115
Cryotherapy……Page 116
References……Page 117
Mesenchymal Origin……Page 123
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia……Page 124
Hepatocellular Adenoma……Page 126
Hepatic (Biliary)Cyst……Page 131
Biliary Hamartoma (von Meyenburg Complex)……Page 133
Biliary Cystadenoma……Page 134
Hemangioma……Page 136
Angiomyolipoma……Page 138
Mesenchymal Hamartoma……Page 139
Infantile Hemangioendothelioma……Page 141
Rare Mesenchymal Tumors……Page 142
References……Page 145
Clinical and Pathologic Features……Page 150
Radiologic Features……Page 151
Radiologic Differential Diagnosis……Page 153
Clinical and Pathologic Features……Page 154
Radiologic Differential Diagnosis……Page 155
Clinical and Pathologic Features……Page 156
Radiologic Features……Page 157
Clinical and Pathologic Features……Page 159
Radiologic Features……Page 160
Radiologic Features……Page 162
Clinical and Pathologic Features……Page 163
SUMMARY……Page 164
References……Page 165
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF HEPATIC METASTASES……Page 168
Technique……Page 169
Imaging Appearance……Page 171
MR IMAGING……Page 172
Technical Factors……Page 173
Imaging Appearance……Page 174
COMPARATIVE STUDIES……Page 176
General Approach……Page 177
References……Page 179
CIRRHOSIS……Page 183
Steatosis……Page 187
Iron Overload……Page 189
Primary Hemochromatosis……Page 190
Hemosiderosis……Page 191
Wilson ’s Disease……Page 192
Hepatitis……Page 193
Sarcoidosis……Page 194
Metastatic Disease……Page 195
Hepatocellular Carcinoma……Page 197
Budd-Chiari Syndrome……Page 198
SUMMARY……Page 200
References……Page 201
Clinical Features……Page 204
Imaging Features……Page 206
Clinical Features……Page 213
Imaging Features……Page 214
Imaging Features……Page 219
ECHINOCOCCAL DISEASE……Page 222
SUMMARY……Page 223
References……Page 224
SUSPECTED LIVER MASS……Page 227
Malignant Lesions……Page 229
Hepatocellular Carcinoma…….Page 230
Other Hepatic Malignancies…….Page 231
Infantile Hemangioendothelioma…….Page 232
Hepatic Adenomas…….Page 234
Secondary Hepatic Malignancies……Page 235
Lymphoproliferative Disorder……Page 237
Inflammatory Liver Masses……Page 238
NEONATAL JAUNDICE……Page 239
SEGMENTAL LIVER TRANSPLANTATION……Page 243
References……Page 244
PREOPERATIVE IMAGING……Page 247
Hepatic Tumors……Page 248
Imaging……Page 249
VASCULAR EVALUATION……Page 250
Celiac Axis Stenosis……Page 251
Size and Number of Hepatic Arteries……Page 252
Patency and Size of Portal Vein……Page 253
LIVING RELATED DONOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: PREOPERATIVE IMAGING……Page 254
TRANSPLANTATION PROCEDURE……Page 255
NORMAL IMAGING FINDINGS AFTER TRANSPLANTATION……Page 257
Hepatic Artery Thrombosis……Page 258
Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm and Arteriovenous Fistulae……Page 259
BILIARY TRACT COMPLICATIONS……Page 261
Biliary Strictures……Page 263
Right Adrenal Hemorrhage……Page 264
Malignancy After Liver Transplantation……Page 265
References……Page 266
LIVER ANATOMY……Page 271
LIVER REGENERATION……Page 273
CLINICAL EVALUATION……Page 274
Cysts……Page 275
Hemangioma……Page 276
Hepatocellular Adenoma……Page 277
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia……Page 279
Hepatocellular Carcinoma……Page 281
METASTATIC LIVER TUMORS……Page 283
IMAGING STRATEGIES……Page 284
TREATMENT OPTIONS……Page 286
SUMMARY……Page 289
References……Page 291
EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT WITH JAUNDICE……Page 296
Choledocholithiasis……Page 297
Assessment of Abnormal Liver Chemistries……Page 299
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia…….Page 301
Hepatocellular Carcinoma…….Page 302
Evaluation of Cirrhosis……Page 303
Management of Portal Hypertension……Page 304
Screening for Hepatocellular Carcinoma……Page 305
References……Page 307