Nanophysics: Coherence and Transport, École d’été de Physique des Houches Session LXXXI

H. Bouchiat, Y. Gefen, S. Guéron, G. Montambaux and J. Dalibard (Eds.)0444520546, 9780444520548, 9780080461243

The developments of nanofabrication in the past years have enabled the design of electronic systems that exhibit spectacular signatures of quantum coherence. Nanofabricated quantum wires and dots containing a small number of electrons are ideal experimental playgrounds for probing electron-electron interactions and their interplay with disorder. Going down to even smaller scales, molecules such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes or hydrogen molecules can now be inserted in nanocircuits. Measurements of transport through a single chain of atoms have been performed as well. Much progress has also been made in the design and fabrication of superconducting and hybrid nanostructures, be they normal/superconductor or ferromagnetic/superconductor. Quantum coherence is then no longer that of individual electronic states, but rather that of a superconducting wavefunction of a macroscopic number of Cooper pairs condensed in the same quantum mechanical state. Beyond the study of linear response regime, the physics of non-equilibrium transport (including non-linear transport, rectification of a high frequency electric field as well as shot noise) has received much attention, with significant experimental and theoretical insights. All these quantities exhibit very specific signatures of the quantum nature of transport, which cannot be obtained from basic conductance measurements. Basic concepts and analytical tools needed to understand this new physics are presented in a series of theoretical fundamental courses, in parallel with more phenomenological ones where physics is discussed in a less formal way and illustrated by many experiments. · Electron-electron interactions in one-dimensional quantum transport · Coulomb Blockade and Kondo physics in quantum dots · Out of equilibrium noise and quantum transport · Andreev reflection and subgap nonlinear transport in hybrid N/S nanosructures. · Transport through atomic contacts · Solid state Q-bits · Written by leading experts in the field, both theorists and experimentalists

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Table of contents :
Content:
Lecturers
Page xi

Seminar speakers
Page xiii

Participants
Pages xv-xviii

Preface
Pages xix-xxii
H. Bouchiat, Y. Gefen, S. Guéron, G. Montambaux, J. Dalibard

CouRse 1 Fundamental aspects of electron correlations and quantum transport in one-dimensional systems Original Research Article
Pages 1-108
Dmitrii L. Maslov

Seminar 1 Impurity in the tomonaga-luttinger model: A functional integral approach Original Research Article
Pages 109-127
I.V. Lerner, I.V. Yurkevich

Course 2 Novel phenomena in double layer two-dimensional electron systems Original Research Article
Pages 129-176
J.P. Eisenstein

Course 3 Many-body theory of non-equilibrium systems Original Research Article
Pages 177-246
Alex Kamenev

Course 4 Non-linear quantum coherence effects in driven mesoscopic systems Original Research Article
Pages 247-282
V.E. Kravtsov

Course 5 Noise in mesoscopic physics Original Research Article
Pages 283-359
T. Martin

Seminar 2 Higher moments of noise Original Research Article
Pages 361-382
Bertrand Reulet

Course 6 Electron subgap transport in hybrid systems combining superconductors with normal or ferromagnetic metals Original Research Article
Pages 383-426
F.W.J. Hekking

Course 7 Low-temperature transport through a quantum dot Original Research Article
Pages 427-478
Leonid I. Glazman, Michael Pustilnik

Seminar 3 Transport through quantum point contacts Original Research Article
Pages 479-493
Yigal Meir

Course 8 Transport at the atomic scale: Atomic and molecular contacts Original Research Article
Pages 495-535
A. Levy Yeyati, J.M. van Ruitenbeek

Course 9 Solid state quantum bit circuits Original Research Article
Pages 537-575
Daniel Estève, Denis Vion

Classical spins made by ferromagnetic π junctions
Pages 579-582
A. Bauer, C. Strunk, M.L. Della Rocca, T. Kontos, M. Aprili

Electronic transport in carbon nanotubes
Pages 583-584
R. Egger

Quantum physics in quantum dots
Pages 585-586
Klaus Ensslin

Interplay of coulomb and proximity effects in S-I-N nanostructures
Pages 587-588
M.V. Feigel’man

Geometric phases in superconducting nanocircuits
Pages 589-590
Rosario Fazio

Decoherence in disordered conductors at low temperatures, the effect of soft local excitations
Pages 591-592
Y. Imry

Proximity induced and intrinsic superconductivity in long and short molecules
Pages 593-595
A.Yu. Kasumov, V.T. Volkov, I.I. Khodos, Yu.A. Kasumov, D.V. Klinov, M. Kociak, R. Deblock, S. Guéron, H. Bouchiat

Geometric phases in dissipative quantum
Pages 597-598
Yuriy Makhlin

Interacting electrons in metal nanostructures
Pages 599-601
D.C. Ralph

Inversion of DNA charge by a positive polymer and fractionalization of the polymer charge
Pages 603-604
B.I. Shklovskii

Spin-charge separation in quantum wires
Pages 605-607
A. Yacoby