Environmental design: an introduction for architects and engineers

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Edition: 2nd ed

ISBN: 0-203-47800-2, 0-203-78624-6, 0-419-23760-7

Size: 7 MB (6870620 bytes)

Pages: 304/304

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Randall Thomas (edt)0-203-47800-2, 0-203-78624-6, 0-419-23760-7


Table of contents :
BOOK COVER……Page 1
HALF-TITLE……Page 2
TITLE……Page 3
COPYRIGHT……Page 4
CONTENTS……Page 5
CONTRIBUTORS……Page 7
FOREWORD……Page 8
PREFACE……Page 9
APOLOGIES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……Page 10
UNITS AND ABBREVIATIONS……Page 11
Part One……Page 13
1.1 Introduction……Page 14
Notes and references……Page 17
2.2 Comfort and control……Page 18
Conductive heat transfer……Page 20
Radiant heat transfer……Page 21
Evaporative heat transfer……Page 24
Comfort levels……Page 25
2.4 The electromagnetic spectrum……Page 26
2.5 Light……Page 29
2.6 Sound……Page 31
2.7 Air quality……Page 34
Dilution……Page 37
Condensation……Page 38
References……Page 39
Further reading……Page 40
3.2 Buildings in the broad context……Page 42
3.3 Energy flows in buildings……Page 44
References……Page 48
4.2 Form……Page 49
4.3 The building ‘body’……Page 50
4.4 The building ‘skin’……Page 52
Solar radiation……Page 53
Ventilation……Page 58
Noise……Page 59
Second ‘skins’, buffer spaces and atria……Page 63
4.5 Internal layout……Page 64
4.7 Two (more) models……Page 65
Guidelines……Page 66
References……Page 67
Further reading……Page 68
5.2 Site selection, microclimate and landscaping……Page 69
5.3 Sunlight and solar gain……Page 71
5.4 Daylight and views……Page 76
5.5 Wind……Page 77
Guidelines……Page 80
References……Page 81
Further reading……Page 82
6.2 Selection of materials……Page 83
6.3 Environmental aspects of materials……Page 84
6.4 CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs and halons……Page 85
6.5 Materials and health……Page 87
6.6 Materials and energy……Page 88
6.7 Key materials……Page 91
Floors, walls and roofs……Page 92
Insulation……Page 93
Services……Page 96
Finishes……Page 97
6.8 Construction……Page 98
6.9 Evaluation methods……Page 99
References……Page 100
Further reading……Page 102
7.2 Energy……Page 103
Fossil fuels……Page 104
Gaseous petroleum fuels……Page 105
Coal……Page 106
7.3 Combined heat and power……Page 107
7.4 Heat pumps……Page 109
7.5 Renewable sources of energy……Page 110
Active solar heating……Page 111
Wind power……Page 113
Hydroelectric power……Page 115
Other……Page 116
References……Page 117
Further reading……Page 118
8.2 Daylighting……Page 119
Daylighting and artificial lighting……Page 126
Luminaires……Page 129
8.4 Controls……Page 130
References……Page 133
Further reading……Page 134
9.3 Heating……Page 135
9.4 Heating: distribution systems and heat emitters……Page 140
9.5 Ventilation……Page 144
Infiltration……Page 158
Assisted natural ventilation systems……Page 159
9.6 Mechanical ventilation systems……Page 162
9.7 Ventilation with cooling……Page 165
9.8 Controls……Page 166
Heating……Page 167
Ventilation—natural and assisted natural……Page 168
Building management systems……Page 169
Heating……Page 170
References……Page 171
Further reading……Page 173
10.2 Water……Page 174
10.3 Hot water service……Page 175
Choice of fuel……Page 176
Centralized versus decentralized systems……Page 177
Combined heat and power……Page 179
10.4 Waste disposal……Page 180
References……Page 181
Further reading……Page 182
An introduction……Page 183
Part Two……Page 185
11.1 The site and the building……Page 186
11.2 Internal conditions……Page 191
Project principals……Page 193
Further reading……Page 194
CHAPTER 12 Grove Road Primary School……Page 195
Project principals……Page 198
Further reading……Page 199
CHAPTER 13 Queens Building, De Montfort University……Page 200
Function……Page 202
13.2 Natural ventilation……Page 204
Daylighting……Page 210
Artificial lighting……Page 211
Background noise levels in the auditoria……Page 212
Noise transfer from inside to outside……Page 213
13.5 Controls……Page 214
CHP unit……Page 216
Costs……Page 217
References……Page 218
Further reading……Page 219
CHAPTER 14 The Charles Cryer Studio Theatre……Page 220
Summary……Page 225
Further reading……Page 226
15.1 The building……Page 227
Reference……Page 233
16.1 Introduction……Page 234
16.2 Energy use, comfort and form……Page 235
16.3 Ventilation strategy……Page 238
Heating……Page 241
Cooling……Page 243
Controls……Page 244
16.5 Control of solar gain and daylighting……Page 246
16.6 Lighting……Page 247
16.7 Photovoltaic panels……Page 248
16.8 Materials……Page 250
16.9 Evaluation and performance……Page 251
16.10 Future developments……Page 253
Project principals……Page 254
Additional information……Page 255
Acknowledgements……Page 256
17.2 Construction and structure……Page 257
17.3 Environmental strategy and services……Page 259
17.5 Water and waste recycling……Page 261
Further reading……Page 263
18.2 An environmental approach……Page 264
18.3 Ventilation……Page 265
Project principals……Page 267
Further reading……Page 268
Appendices……Page 269
Hours of sunshine……Page 270
Incident solar radiation in the United Kingdom……Page 271
A.2 Daylighting……Page 272
A.4 Wind……Page 273
A.5 Psychrometric chart……Page 276
References……Page 278
B.1 U-value calculations……Page 279
B.2 Daylighting calculations……Page 280
References……Page 282
APPENDIX C Acoustics……Page 283
References……Page 284
APPENDIX D Photovoltaics……Page 285
References……Page 290
Further reading……Page 291
ILLUSTRATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……Page 292
Publications……Page 293
Index……Page 294

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