Macroengineering An Environmental Restoration Management Process

Table of contents :
MACROENGINEERING: An Environmental Restoration Management Process……Page 1
Also Available from CRC Press……Page 2
The Author……Page 5
Preface……Page 6
Contents……Page 8
CONTENTS……Page 0
1.1 Introduction……Page 12
CHAPTER 2- Preparation of a preconceptual engineering baseline study……Page 19
Bibliography……Page 30
3.1 Contamination soil and source area site environmental restoration approaches……Page 31
3.2 Mining-oriented macroengineering approach……Page 34
3.3 Industrial-engineering-type macroengineering system……Page 40
3.4 Contained management approach……Page 44
3.5 Groundwater remediation approaches……Page 49
Bibliography……Page 52
CHAPTER 4- Assessing innovative techniques and technologies……Page 54
4.1 Independent technology survey……Page 55
4.2 Technology risk assessment……Page 63
Bibliography……Page 67
CHAPTER 5- Site characterization……Page 69
5.1 Hydrogeologic investigations……Page 70
5.2 Soil and sediment investigations……Page 75
5.3 Data quality objectives……Page 76
5.3.1 Precision……Page 77
5.3.3 Representativeness……Page 78
5.4 Geophysical investigations……Page 79
5.4.1 Navigational methods……Page 84
5.4.2 Geophysical data analysis……Page 85
5.4.3 Geophysical quality assurance issues……Page 86
Bibliography……Page 89
CHAPTER 6- Discussion on mobile laboratory requirements……Page 90
6.1 Physical structure requirements……Page 91
6.2.1 EPA requirements……Page 92
6.2.2 Literature review of mobile screening laboratories……Page 93
6.3.1 Sensitivity……Page 94
6.3.2.1 Screening with GC/FID, GC/PID, GC/ECD, and GC/ELCD……Page 96
6.3.3 Volatiles vs. semivolatiles……Page 97
6.3.3.1 Methodology and detection limits for volatile and semivolatile organics analysis……Page 99
6.3.5 Cation and anion analysis……Page 101
6.3.4 Metal contaminant analysis……Page 100
6.3.6 Radiation sample analysis flow……Page 102
6.4 Quality assurance and quality control……Page 103
6.4.2 Quality control……Page 105
Bibliography……Page 107
7.1 Macroengineering approach……Page 108
7.2.1 Multi-agency radiation survey and site investigation manual……Page 113
7.2.2 Permitting and special demonstration requirements in radwaste……Page 117
7.2.3 UXO — range rule issues……Page 119
7.3 Innovative approaches under the Superfund process……Page 120
7.4 Applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements……Page 124
7.5 Review of RCRA corrective action regulatory initiatives……Page 125
7.5.1 Corrective action management units……Page 130
7.5.2 Temporary units……Page 135
7.6 Review of natural attenuation remedy……Page 136
Bibliography……Page 139
8.1 Macroengineering cleanups……Page 140
8.1.1 Closure of soil/source units objectives……Page 142
8.1.5 Overall site groundwater remediation objectives……Page 143
8.1.5.3 Option 3: Groundwater cleanup within a given time frame (i.e., 25 years)……Page 144
8.1.6 Target levels……Page 145
8.2 Natural resource damage assessments……Page 154
References……Page 160
9.1 General discussion……Page 161
9.1.1 Health assessments……Page 162
9.1.2 Ecological risk assessment……Page 164
9.2 Standard Superfund baseline risk assessment practices……Page 166
9.3 Population risk analysis……Page 169
9.4 Emergency response analysis……Page 172
Bibliography……Page 176
CHAPTER 10- Establishing project hazards and safety control measures……Page 178
10.2 Organic compounds……Page 179
10.4 Radiological hazards……Page 180
10.5 Unexploded ordnance……Page 182
10.6 Physical hazards……Page 183
10.7.2 Levels of protection……Page 184
10.7.2.2 Level B protection……Page 185
10.7.2.5 Level D protection……Page 187
10.7.3 Monitoring and medical surveillance……Page 188
10.8 Site control and work zones……Page 189
10.8.4 Emergency entry and exit……Page 190
Bibliography……Page 191
11.1 Contracting options……Page 193
11.2 Developing cost and schedule estimates……Page 196
11.3 Productivity, cost, and schedule issues……Page 200
11.4 Cost estimate allowances……Page 203
Bibliography……Page 206
CHAPTER 12- Summary……Page 207