Urban Air Pollution in Asian Cities Status, Challenges and Management

Dieter Schwela, Gary Haq, Connie Huizenga, Wha-Jin Han, Herbert Fabian, May Ajero1844073750, 9781844073757, 9781429412223

* Hundreds of millions of city dwellers breathe air so polluted with chemicals, smoke and particles that it dramatically exceeds World Health Organization limits with major impacts on health and the environment* The most authoritative assessment of air pollution and urban air quality management, practice and capability, covering 20 major Asian cities with easy-to-read city profiles, tables and graphs* Presents the latest strategies for managing and improving urban air quality in cities in Asia and across our rapidly urbanizing worldThis volume is the most current and comprehensive assessment and comparison of the status and drivers of urban air pollution in twenty Asian cities and the Asian region, covering the effects on the environment, human health, agriculture and cultural heritage and the future implications for planning, transport and energy industries. National and local governments have begun to develop air quality management (AQM) strategies to address the deterioration in urban air quality, however the scope and effectiveness of such strategies varies widely. This book benchmarks these air quality management strategies, looks at successes and failures in these cities and presents strategies for improving air quality management in cities across Asia and the rest of our rapidly urbanizing world.Cities covered: Bangkok, Beijing, Busan, Colombo, Dhaka, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Jakarta, Kathmandu, Kolkata, Metro Manila, Mumbai, New Delhi, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Surabaya, Taipei and Tokyo

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Table of contents :
Contents……Page 4
List of Tables and Figures……Page 5
Acknowledgements……Page 9
Preface……Page 14
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations……Page 16
Introduction……Page 22
Development of Air Pollution Problems……Page 23
Understanding Urban Air Pollution……Page 26
Drivers of Air Pollution in Asia……Page 27
Pressure of Air Pollution in Asia……Page 32
State of Air Pollution in Asia……Page 38
Impacts of Air Pollution in Asia……Page 41
Response to Air Pollution……Page 52
References……Page 59
Selection of Asian Cities……Page 70
Methodological Approach……Page 71
Air Quality Management Capability……Page 76
Management Enabling Capabilities……Page 94
Overall Management Capability……Page 99
Conclusion……Page 100
References……Page 102
Introduction……Page 104
Bangkok……Page 106
Beijing……Page 110
Busan……Page 115
Colombo……Page 119
Dhaka……Page 123
Hanoi……Page 127
Ho Chi Minh City……Page 131
Hong Kong……Page 135
Jakarta……Page 140
Kathmandu……Page 144
Kolkata……Page 149
Metro Manila……Page 154
Mumbai……Page 158
New Delhi……Page 163
Seoul……Page 168
Shanghai……Page 173
Singapore……Page 177
Surabaya……Page 182
Taipei……Page 186
Tokyo……Page 191
References……Page 195
Effective Air Quality Management……Page 216
Comparative Air Quality……Page 218
Status of AQM……Page 230
City Specific Observations……Page 232
AQM and Economic Status……Page 236
Air Quality Trends and Development……Page 238
References……Page 241
Introduction……Page 246
Air Quality Monitoring……Page 247
Emission Inventories……Page 252
Air Quality Management Strategies……Page 253
Developing a Regional Approach to Improve Urban Air Quality in Asia……Page 258
Concluding Remarks……Page 259
References……Page 261
Air Quality Management Capability Assessment……Page 268
Review of Questionnaire……Page 274
Review of the Internal Logic of the Questionnaire……Page 276
Glossary……Page 278
Index……Page 286