Clean Synthesis Using Porous Inorganic Solid Catalysts and Supported Reagents

J.H. Clark, C.N. Rhodes9780854045266, 0854045260

Waste minimisation has a number of aims which include enhancing the intrinsic selectivity of any given process, providing a means of recovering reagents in a form which allows easy regeneration and the replacement of stoichiometric processes with catalytic ones. Solids, as catalysts or as supports for other reagents, offer potential for benefit in all these areas. This monograph provides an overview of the properties of the more useful solid catalysts and supported reagents, and highlights their most valuable applications in the preparation of organic chemicals in liquid phase reactions. Clean Synthesis Using Porous Inorganic Solid Catalysts and Supported Reagents is concerned with the use of solid catalysts in the clean synthesis of organic chemicals. The emphasis is on chemical processes of importance to the manufacture/preparation of fine and speciality chemicals, chemical intermediates and pharmaceutical intermediates, especially where catalysis is not currently used or where current catalysts are homogeneous, leading to difficult separation procedures and unacceptable levels of waste. This book focuses on solid catalysts based on inorganic supports and covers the emerging area of chemically modified mesoporous solid catalysts.

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Table of contents :
Front Matter……Page 1
Preface……Page 3
Acknowledgments……Page 6
Table of Contents……Page 0
Table of Contents……Page 7
2. Clean Synthesis……Page 10
3. Catalysts and Catalysis……Page 12
4. Heterogeneous Catalysts……Page 13
5. Heterogeneous Catalysis……Page 14
6. Adsorption by Powders and Porous Solids……Page 15
7. Reactor Types……Page 16
8. Commercial Heterogeneous Catalytic Processes……Page 19
9. Role of Catalysis in Industrial Waste Minimization……Page 21
10. Heterogenization……Page 23
References……Page 25
1. Introduction……Page 26
4. Zeolite Catalysis……Page 27
5. Isomorphously Substituted Zeolites……Page 29
7. Catalytic Applications of Zeolites and Related Materials……Page 30
Alkylation of Aromatics……Page 31
Catalytic Cracking……Page 32
Aromatization……Page 33
Methanol Synthesis……Page 34
Oxidation……Page 35
Ammoxidation……Page 36
9. New Developments in the Context of Clean Synthesis……Page 37
References……Page 43
2. Structure of Clays……Page 46
4. Clay-Supported Metal Catalysts……Page 48
5. Pillared Clays……Page 49
Hydrogenation……Page 51
Bronsted Acid Catalyzed Reactions……Page 52
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation……Page 54
Oxidation……Page 57
7. New Developments in the Context of Clean Synthesis……Page 58
References……Page 62
1. Introduction to Supported Reagent Chemistry……Page 64
2. Types of Supported Reagents……Page 65
Porosity……Page 66
Surface……Page 67
3. Preparation of Supported Reagents……Page 69
Surface Structure……Page 71
Catalyst Stability……Page 77
Catalyst Recovery and Regenerability……Page 79
Partial Oxidations……Page 81
Reactions Catalyzed by Solid Acid Supported Reagents……Page 89
Base Catalysis……Page 98
Other Applications for Supported Reagent Catalysts……Page 102
References……Page 108
A……Page 113
C……Page 115
E……Page 117
G……Page 118
I……Page 119
M……Page 120
P……Page 121
S……Page 122
X……Page 124
Z……Page 125