Charles A. Harper0070267146, 9780070267145
Edited by Charles A. Harper and sponsored by Modern Plastics, the industry’s most prestigious trade magazine, Modern Plastics Handbook packs a wealth of up-to-date knowledge about plastics processes, forms and formulations, design, equipment, testing and recycling. This A-to-Z guide keeps you on top of:
*Properties and performance of thermoplastics, polymer blends…thermosets, reinforced plastics and composites…natural and synthetic elastomers *Processes from extrusion, injection and blow molding to thermoforming, foam processing, hand lay-up and filament winding, and many, many more *Fabricating…post-production finishing and bonding…coatings and finishes, subjects difficult to find treated elsewhere in print *More!
Table of contents :
Front Matter……Page 2
Contributors……Page 5
Preface……Page 6
Table of Contents……Page 0
Table of Contents……Page 8
1.1 Introduction……Page 12
1.2 Polymer Categories……Page 15
1.4 Additives……Page 90
1.5 Fillers……Page 93
1.6 Polymer Blends……Page 94
References……Page 96
2.1 Resins……Page 104
2.2 Thermosetting Resin Family……Page 105
2.4 Resin Forms……Page 113
2.5 Liquid Resin Processes……Page 116
2.6 Laminates……Page 132
2.7 Molding Compounds……Page 141
References……Page 191
3.2 Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs)……Page 192
3.3 Melt Processing Rubbers (MPRs)……Page 215
3.4 Thermoplastic Vulcanizates (TPVs)……Page 217
3.5 Synthetic Rubbers……Page 224
3.6 Natural Rubber……Page 239
3.7 Conclusion……Page 240
References……Page 241
4.1 Introduction……Page 244
4.3 Antiblock and Slip Agents……Page 245
4.4 Antioxidants……Page 249
4.5 Antistatic Agents……Page 255
4.6 Biocides……Page 259
4.7 Chemical Blowing Agents……Page 262
4.8 Coupling Agents……Page 266
4.9 Flame Retardants……Page 269
4.10 Heat Stabilizers……Page 279
4.11 Impact Modifiers……Page 284
4.12 Light Stabilizers……Page 289
4.13 Lubricants and Mold Release Agents……Page 292
4.14 Nucleating Agents……Page 297
4.15 Organic Peroxides……Page 301
4.16 Plasticizers……Page 305
4.17 Polyurethane Catalysts……Page 309
5. Processing of Thermoplastics……Page 313
5.1 Material Concepts……Page 314
5.2 Extrusion……Page 330
5.3 Estrusion Processes……Page 367
5.4 Injection Molding……Page 396
References……Page 433
6.1 Introduction……Page 438
6.2 Molding Processes……Page 439
6.3 Techniques for Machining and Secondary Operations……Page 461
6.4 Postmolding Operations……Page 465
6.5 Process-Related Design Considerations……Page 466
6.6 Mold Construction and Fabrication……Page 471
6.7 Summary……Page 474
7. Auxiliary Equipment……Page 475
7.1 Introduction……Page 476
7.2 Raw Material Delivery……Page 478
7.3 Bulk Storage of Resin……Page 481
7.4 Bulk Resin Conveying Systems……Page 495
7.5 Bulk Delivery Systems……Page 501
7.6 Blending Systems……Page 508
7.7 Regrind Systems……Page 511
7.8 Material Drying……Page 516
7.9 Loading Systems……Page 523
7.10 System Integration……Page 530
7.11 Why Do We Dry Plastic Materials?……Page 535
7.12 Hygroscopic and Nonhygroscopic Polymers……Page 537
7.13 Drying Hygroscopic Polymers……Page 538
7.14 How Physical Characteristics of Plastics Affect Drying……Page 543
7.15 How Dryers Work……Page 544
7.16 Critical Dryer Components……Page 549
7.17 Monitoring Drying Conditions……Page 557
7.18 Drying System Configurations……Page 561
7.19 Gas or Electric?……Page 565
7.20 Handling Dried Material……Page 566
7.21 Introduction……Page 570
7.22 Simulation and Polymer Processing……Page 572
7.23 The Injection-Molding Process……Page 575
7.24 History of Injection-Molding Simulation……Page 577
7.25 Current Technology for Injection-Molding Simulation……Page 580
7.26 The Changing Face of CAE……Page 594
7.27 Machine Control……Page 597
7.28 Future Trends……Page 600
References on CAD, CAM, CAE……Page 602
8.1 Fundamentals……Page 605
8.2 Design Fundamentals for Plastic Parts……Page 653
8.3 Design Details Specific to Major Processes……Page 683
References……Page 720
9.1 Introduction……Page 722
9.2 Machining and Finishing……Page 723
9.3 Assembly of Plastics Parts – General Considerations……Page 737
9.4 Methods of Mechanical Joining……Page 739
9.5 Adhesive Bonding……Page 758
9.6 Welding……Page 794
9.7 Recommended Assembly Processes for Common Plastics……Page 804
9.8 Decorating Plastics……Page 816
References……Page 830
10.1 Introduction……Page 831
10.2 Environment and Safety……Page 835
10.3 Surface Preparation……Page 836
10.4 Coating Selection……Page 841
10.5 Coating Materials……Page 848
10.6 Application Methods……Page 872
10.7 Curing……Page 885
10.8 Summary……Page 888
References……Page 889
11.2 The Need for Testing Plastics……Page 890
11.3 Diverse Types of Testing……Page 891
11.4 Test Methods for Acquisition and Reporting of Property Data……Page 902
11.5 Uniform Reporting Format……Page 955
11.6 Misunderstood and Misused Properties……Page 959
11.7 Costs of Data Generation……Page 962
Appendix 11.1 Selected ISO/IEC Standards/Documents……Page 966
Appendix 11.2 Selected ASTM Standards……Page 973
Appendix 11.3 List of Resources……Page 976
Appendix 11.4 Some Unit Conversion Factors……Page 981
References……Page 982
Suggested Reading……Page 983
12.1 Introduction……Page 984
12.2 Overview of Recycling……Page 997
12.3 Design for Recycling……Page 1005
12.4 Recycling of Major Polymers……Page 1008
12.5 Overview of Plastics Degradation……Page 1055
12.6 Natural Biodegradable Polymers……Page 1064
12.7 Synthetic Biodegradable Polymers……Page 1076
12.8 Water-Soluble Polymers……Page 1081
12.9 Summary……Page 1083
References……Page 1084
Appendix A: Glossary of Terms and Definitions……Page 1093
Appendix B: Some Common Abbreviations Used in the Plastics Industry……Page 1119
Appendix C: Important Properties of Plastics and Listing of Plastic Suppliers……Page 1122
Appendix D: Sources of Specifications and Standards for Plastics and Composites……Page 1193
Appendix E: Plastics Associations……Page 1199
A……Page 1210
C……Page 1214
D……Page 1217
E……Page 1218
G……Page 1219
M……Page 1220
P……Page 1222
T……Page 1229
W……Page 1233
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