ECAI 2006, 17th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence

G. Brewka1-58603-642-4

In the summer of 1956, John McCarthy organized the famous Dartmouth Conference which is now commonly viewed as the founding event for the field of Artificial Intelligence. During the last 50 years, AI has seen a tremendous development and is now a well-established scientific discipline all over the world. Also in Europe AI is in excellent shape, as witnessed by the large number of high quality papers in this publication. In comparison with ECAI 2004, there’s a strong increase in the relative number of submissions from Distributed AI / Agents and Cognitive Modelling. Knowledge Representation & Reasoning is traditionally strong in Europe and remains the biggest area of ECAI 2006. One reason the figures for Case-Based Reasoning are rather low is that much of the high quality work in this area has found its way into prestigious applications and is thus represented under the heading of PAIS.

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Table of contents :
Title page……Page 2
ECCAI Member Societies……Page 6
Conference Organization……Page 8
ECAI Programme Committee……Page 10
Additional Reviewers……Page 12
Preface……Page 14
Contents……Page 16
Invited Talks……Page 28
Socially Intelligent Robots……Page 30
Managing Diversity in Knowledge……Page 31
The Truth About Defaults……Page 32
SmartWeb: Getting Answers on the Go……Page 33
Papers……Page 34
Cognitive Modelling……Page 36
Background Default Knowledge and Causality Ascriptions……Page 38
Comparing Sets of Positive and Negative Arguments: Empirical Assessment of Seven Qualitative Rules……Page 43
A Similarity and Fuzzy Logic-Based Approach to Cerebral Categorisation……Page 48
Imitation of Intentional Behaviour……Page 53
Dramatization Meets Narrative Presentations……Page 58
MAMA: An Architecture for Interactive Musical Agents……Page 63
Bayesian Modelling of Colour’s Usage Impact to Web Credibility……Page 68
Evaluating Perception of Interaction Initiation in Virtual Environments Using Humanoid Agents……Page 73
Cognitive Situated Agents Learn to Name Actions……Page 78
Tracking the Lexical Zeitgeist with WordNet and Wikipedia……Page 83
Constraints and Search……Page 88
Enhancing Constraints Manipulation in Semiring-Based Formalisms……Page 90
Evaluating ASP and Commercial Solvers on the CSPLib……Page 95
Automatic Generation of Implied Constraints……Page 100
Maintaining Generalized Arc Consistency on Ad-Hoc n-Ary Boolean Constraints……Page 105
A Study on the Short-Term Prohibition Mechanisms in Tabu Search……Page 110
Random Subset Optimization……Page 115
Search for Compromise Solutions in Multiobjective State Space Graphs……Page 120
Minion: A Fast Scalable Constraint Solver……Page 125
Asynchronous Forward-Bounding for Distributed Constraints Optimization……Page 130
Distributed Log-Based Reconciliation……Page 135
Extracting MUCs from Constraint Networks……Page 140
Preference-Based Inconsistency Proving: When the Failure of the Best Is Sufficient……Page 145
Return of the JTMS: Preferences Orchestrate Conflict Learning and Solution Synthesis……Page 150
Multi-Objective Propagation in Constraint Programming……Page 155
Last Conflict Based Reasoning……Page 160
Dynamic Orderings for AND/OR Branch-and-Bound Search in Graphical Models……Page 165
Compact Representation of Sets of Binary Constraints……Page 170
Pessimistic Heuristics Beat Optimistic Ones in Real-Time Search……Page 175
Inverse Consistencies for Non-Binary Constraints……Page 180
Guiding Search Using Constraint-Level Advice……Page 185
Beyond Singleton Arc Consistency……Page 190
Symmetry Breaking Using Value Precedence……Page 195
Distributed AI/Agents……Page 200
Coordination Through Inductive Meaning Negotiation……Page 202
Reaching Agreements for Coalition Formation Through Derivation of Agents’ Intentions……Page 207
Cheating Is Not Playing: Methodological Issues of Computational Game Theory……Page 212
Mediation in the Framework of Morpho-Logic……Page 217
Strengthening Admissible Coalitions……Page 222
Advanced Policy Explanations on the Web……Page 227
Prevention of Harmful Behaviors Within Cognitive and Autonomous Agents……Page 232
Coalition Structure Generation in Task-Based Settings……Page 237
Programming Agents with Emotions……Page 242
Goal Types in Agent Programming……Page 247
Alternating-Offers Bargaining Under One-Sided Uncertainty on Deadlines……Page 252
A Logic-Based Framework to Compute Pareto Agreements in One-Shot Bilateral Negotiation……Page 257
Towards ACL Semantics Based on Commitments and Penalties……Page 262
Computational Opinions……Page 267
A New Semantics for the FIPA Agent Communication Language Based on Social Attitudes……Page 272
Contouring of Knowledge for Intelligent Searching for Arguments……Page 277
On the Inability of Gathering by Asynchronous Mobile Robots with Initial Movements……Page 282
Testing the Limits of Emergent Behavior in MAS Using Learning of Cooperative Behavior……Page 287
Boolean Games Revisited……Page 292
An Automated Agent for Bilateral Negotiation with Bounded Rational Agents with Incomplete Information……Page 297
Self-Organizing Multiagent Approach to Optimization in Positioning Problems……Page 302
Arguing with Confidential Information……Page 307
Auction Mechanisms for Efficient Advertisement Selection on Public Displays……Page 312
Verifying Interlevel Relations Within Multi-Agent Systems……Page 317
Flexible Provisioning of Service Workflows……Page 322
Heuristic Bidding Strategies for Multiple Heterogeneous Auctions……Page 327
Are Parallel BDI Agents Really Better?……Page 332
Dynamic Control of Intention Priorities of Human-Like Agents……Page 337
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning……Page 342
Knowing Minimum/Maximum n Formulae……Page 344
Modal Logics for Communicating Rule-Based Agents……Page 349
Causation as Production……Page 354
Merging Possibilistic Networks……Page 359
Compiling Possibilistic Knowledge Bases……Page 364
Improving Bound Propagation……Page 369
Logic Programs with Multiple Chances……Page 374
Conceptual Hierarchies Matching: An Approach Based on Discovery of Implication Rules Between……Page 379
Concepts……Page 384
CTL Model Update: Semantics, Computations and Implementation……Page 389
Resolving Conflicts in Action Descriptions……Page 394
Possibilistic Influence Diagrams……Page 399
Solving Optimization Problems with DLL……Page 404
Discovering Missing Background Knowledge in Ontology Matching……Page 409
Extracting MUSes……Page 414
On Probing and Multi-Threading in Platypus……Page 419
Elaborating Domain Descriptions……Page 424
On the Logic of Theory Change: Relations Between Incision and Selection Functions……Page 429
Representing Relative Direction as a Binary Relation of Oriented Points……Page 434
Modular Equivalence for Normal Logic Programs……Page 439
Preference Representation with 3-Points Intervals……Page 444
Reference-Dependent Qualitative Models for Decision Making Under Uncertainty……Page 449
Decision with Uncertainties, Feasibilities, and Utilities: Towards a Unified Algebraic Framework……Page 454
Using Occlusion Calculi to Interpret Digital Images……Page 459
Abductive Logic Programming in the Clinical Management of HIV/AIDS……Page 464
Interleaving Belief Updating and Reasoning in Abductive Logic Programming……Page 469
Bridging the Gap Between Informal and Formal Guideline Representations……Page 474
Boolean Propagation Based on Literals for Quantified Boolean Formulae……Page 479
General Concept Inclusions in Fuzzy Description Logics……Page 484
Approximating Extended Answer Sets……Page 489
An Axiomatic Approach in Qualitative Decision Theory with Binary Possibilistic Utility……Page 494
An Efficient Upper Approximation for Conditional Preference……Page 499
A Solver for QBFs in Nonprenex Form……Page 504
Knowledge Engineering for Bayesian Networks: How Common Are Noisy-MAX Distributions in Practice?……Page 509
Machine Learning……Page 514
A Unified Model for Multilabel Classification and Ranking……Page 516
Learning by Automatic Option Discovery from Conditionally Terminating Sequences……Page 521
Least Squares SVM for Least Squares TD Learning……Page 526
Argument Based Rule Learning……Page 531
A Real Generalization of Discrete AdaBoost……Page 536
Discovery of Entailment Relations from Event Co-Occurrences……Page 543
Efficient Knowledge Acquisition for Extracting Temporal Relations……Page 548
Efficient Learning from Massive Spatial-Temporal Data Through Selective Support Vector Propagation……Page 553
Automatic Term Categorization by Extracting Knowledge from the Web……Page 558
Strategic Foresighted Learning in Competitive Multi-Agent Games……Page 563
Natural Language Processing……Page 568
MSDA: Wordsense Discrimination Using Context Vectors and Attributes……Page 570
Integrating Domain and Paradigmatic Similarity for Unsupervised Sense Tagging……Page 575
Disambiguating Personal Names on the Web Using Automatically Extracted Key Phrases……Page 580
History-Based Inside-Outside Algorithm……Page 585
Shallow Semantic Parsing Based on FrameNet, VerbNet and PropBank……Page 590
Semantic Tree Kernels to Classify Predicate Argument Structures……Page 595
Planning and Scheduling……Page 600
A Multivalued Logic Model of Planning……Page 602
Strong Cyclic Planning Under Partial Observability……Page 607
Approximation Properties of Planning Benchmarks……Page 612
Approximate Linear-Programming Algorithms for Graph-Based Markov Decision Processes……Page 617
Mean Field Approximation of the Policy Iteration Algorithm for Graph-Based Markov Decision Processes……Page 622
Unified Definition of Heuristics for Classical Planning……Page 627
PAIS……Page 632
Applying Trip@dvice Recommendation Technology to www.visiteurope.com……Page 634
Natural and Intuitive Multimodal Dialogue for In-Car Applications: The SAMMIE System……Page 639
A Client/Server User-Based Collaborative Filtering Algorithm: Model and Implementation……Page 644
Software Companion: The Mexar2 Support to Space Mission Planners……Page 649
ECUE: A Spam Filter that Uses Machine Learning to Track Concept Drift……Page 654
Knowledge-Based Recommendation: Technologies and Experiences from Projects……Page 659
Diagnosing Highly Configurable Products: Troubleshooting Support for Airbus Final Assembly Line……Page 664
Web-Based Tools for Codification with Medical Ontologies in Switzerland……Page 669
Model-Based Failure Analysis with RODON……Page 674
Perception……Page 680
Depth Ordering and Figure-Ground Segregation in Monocular Images Derived from Illusory Contour……Page 682
Perception……Page 687
Graph Neural Networks for Object Localization……Page 692
Robotics……Page 698
Situation Assessment for Sensor-Based Recovery Planning……Page 700
Learning Behaviors Models for Robot Execution Control……Page 705
Plan-Based Configuration of a Group of Robots……Page 710
Posters……Page 716
Cognitive Modeling……Page 718
Agents with Anticipatory Behaviors: To Be Cautious in a Risky Environment……Page 720
AI and Music: Toward a Taxonomy of Problem Classes……Page 722
Using Emotions for Behaviour-Selection Learning……Page 724
Constraints and Search……Page 726
Efficient Handling of Complex Local Problems in Distributed Constraint Optimization……Page 728
Visualization for Analyzing Trajectory-Based Metaheuristic Search Algorithms……Page 730
Bipolar Preference Problems……Page 732
A Connectivity Constraint Using Bridges……Page 734
Distributed AI/Agents……Page 736
Search Better and Gain More: Investigating New Graph Structures for Multi-Agent Negotiations……Page 738
An Argumentation-Based Framework for Designing Dialogue Strategies……Page 740
A Multiagent System for Scheduling Activities Onboard a Space System……Page 742
Benefits of Combinatorial Auctions with Transformability Relationships……Page 744
Count-As Conditionals, Classification and Context……Page 746
Fair Distribution of Collective Obligations……Page 748
Proactive Identification of a Physician’s Information Needs……Page 750
Acyclic Argumentation: Attack = Conflict + Preference……Page 752
Semantic Knowledge Model and Architecture for Agents in Discrete Environments……Page 754
Partial Local FriendQ Multiagent Learning: Application to Team Automobile Coordination Problem……Page 756
Mutual Enrichment for Agents Through Nested Belief Change: A Semantic Approach……Page 758
Multi-Agent Least-Squares Policy Iteration……Page 760
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning……Page 762
Finding Instances of Deduction and Abduction in Clinical Experimental Transcripts……Page 764
A Semantics for Active Logic……Page 766
An Alternative Inference for Qualitative Choice Logic……Page 768
On the Existence of Answer Sets in Normal Extended Logic Programs……Page 770
Smoothed Particle Filtering for Dynamic Bayesian Networks……Page 772
Goal Revision for a Rational Agent……Page 774
A Redundancy-Based Method for Relation Instantiation from the Web……Page 776
Norms with Deadlines in Dynamic Deontic Logic……Page 778
Adaptive Multi-Agent Programming in GTGolog……Page 780
Formalizing Complex Task Libraries in Golog……Page 782
Automated Deduction for Logics of Default Reasoning……Page 784
Reasoning About Motion Patterns……Page 786
Applying OPRMs to Recursive Probability Models……Page 788
Variable Forgetting in Preference Relations over Propositional Domains……Page 790
Two Orthogonal Biases for Choosing the Intensions of Emerging Concepts in Ontology Refinement……Page 792
Computing Possible and Necessary Winners from Incomplete Partially-Ordered Preferences……Page 794
What’s a Head Without a Body?……Page 796
Irrelevant Updates of Nonmonotonic Knowledge Bases……Page 798
Decision Making in Large-Scale Domains: A Case Study……Page 800
Towards a Logic of Agency and Actions with Duration……Page 802
Model Based Reasoning……Page 804
Better Debugging Through More Abstract Observations……Page 806
Logic Profiling for Multicriteria Rating on Web Pages……Page 808
An Empirical Analysis of the Complexity of Model-Based Diagnosis……Page 810
Machine Learning……Page 812
Meta-Clustering Gene Expression Data with Positive Tensor Factorizations……Page 814
Identifying Inter-Domain Similarities Through Content-Based Analysis of Hierarchical Web-Directories……Page 816
Calibrating Probability Density Forecasts with Multi-Objective Search……Page 818
Term-Weighting in Information Retrieval Using Genetic Programming: A Three Stage Process……Page 820
Adaptation Knowledge Discovery from a Case Base……Page 822
Polynomial Conditional Random Fields for Signal Processing……Page 824
Stream Clustering Based on Kernel Density Estimation……Page 826
Version Space Learning for Possibilistic Hypotheses……Page 828
Ensembles of Grafted Trees……Page 830
A Compression-Based Method for Stemmatic Analysis……Page 832
Patch Learning for Incremental Classifier Design……Page 834
Version Space Support Vector Machines……Page 836
Meta-Typicalness Approach to Reliable Classification……Page 838
Text Sampling and Re-Sampling for Imbalanced Authorship Identification Cases……Page 840
Is Web Genre Identification Feasible?……Page 842
Natural Language Processing……Page 844
Adaptive Context-Based Term (Re)Weighting: An Experiment on Single-Word Question Answering……Page 846
How to Analyze Free Text Descriptions for Recommending TV Programmes?……Page 848
Soft Uncoupling of Markov Chains for Permeable Language Distinction: A New Algorithm……Page 850
Tools for Text Mining over Biomedical Literature……Page 852
SUMMaR: Combining Linguistics and Statistics for Text Summarization……Page 854
Phonetic Spelling and Heuristic Search……Page 856
PAIS……Page 858
CBR-TM: A New Case-Based Reasoning System for Help-Desk Environments……Page 860
Verification of Medical Guidelines Using Task Execution with Background Knowledge……Page 862
Planning and Scheduling……Page 864
The Incompleteness of Planning with Volatile External Information……Page 866
Cost-Optimal Symbolic Planning with State Trajectory and Preference Constraints……Page 868
A Cooperative Distributed Problem Solving Technique for Large Markov Decision Processes……Page 870
Integrating Off-Line and On-Line Schedulers……Page 872
Environment-Driven Skeletal Plan Execution for the Medical Domain……Page 874
Time Constrained VRP: An Agent Environment-Perception Model……Page 876
Robotics/Perception……Page 878
On Packing 2D Irregular Shapes……Page 880
Aliasing Maps for Robot Global Localization……Page 882
On Interfacing with an Ubiquitous Robotic System……Page 884
Leaf Classification Using Navigation-Based Skeletons……Page 886
Author Index……Page 888