Introduction international criminal court

William A. Schabas0521881250, 9780521881258, 0521804574, 9780521804578, 9780511041686

The International Criminal Court has ushered in a new era in the protection of human rights. Protecting against genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, the Court acts when national justice systems are unwilling or unable to do so. This third edition of this seminal text on the Court considers it in action: its initial rulings by the Pre-Trial Chambers and the Appeals Chamber and those cases it is prosecuting as well as those where it had decided not to proceed, such as Iraq. It also explores the law of the Court up to and including its ruling on a confirmation hearing. It addresses the political context of the court, such as the difficulties created by US opposition and the increasing recognition of the inevitability of the institution. Written by the leading expert in the field, this text is essential reading for any student of the Court and its workings.

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Table of contents :
Cover……Page 1
Half-Title……Page 3
Title……Page 5
Copyright……Page 6
Contents……Page 7
Preface……Page 11
Abbreviations……Page 16
1 Creation of the Court……Page 17
The Nuremberg and Tokyo trials……Page 21
The International Law Commission……Page 24
The ad hoc tribunals……Page 27
Drafting of the Rome Statute……Page 31
2 The Court becomes operational……Page 38
United States opposition……Page 40
Developing a prosecution strategy……Page 48
Uganda and the Lord’s Resistance Army……Page 52
Democratic Republic of Congo and the Lubanga case……Page 58
Darfur referred by the Security Council……Page 63
Other situations……Page 67
3 Jurisdiction……Page 74
Temporal (ratione temporis) jurisdiction……Page 81
Personal (ratione personae) jurisdiction……Page 87
Territorial (ratione loci) jurisdiction……Page 91
Acceptance of jurisdiction by a non-party State……Page 94
Subject-matter (ratione materiae) jurisdiction……Page 98
Genocide……Page 107
Crimes against humanity……Page 114
War crimes……Page 128
Aggression……Page 149
Other offences……Page 156
4 Triggering the jurisdiction……Page 157
State Party referral……Page 159
Security Council referral……Page 167
Security Council deferral……Page 182
5 Admissibility……Page 187
Complementarity……Page 190
Gravity……Page 202
Sources of law……Page 210
Interpreting the Rome Statute……Page 216
Presumption of innocence……Page 219
Rights of the accused……Page 221
Individual criminal responsibility……Page 226
Responsibility of commanders and other superiors……Page 235
Defences……Page 242
Statutory limitation……Page 249
7 Investigation and pre-trial procedure……Page 251
Initiation of an investigation……Page 255
Investigation……Page 264
Arrest and surrender……Page 273
Appearance before the Court and interim release……Page 285
Confirmation hearing……Page 289
Rulings on jurisdiction and admissibility……Page 294
Preparation for trial……Page 298
8 Trial and appeal……Page 301
Presence at trial……Page 303
Defence and right to counsel……Page 306
Guilty plea procedure……Page 308
Evidence……Page 310
Decision……Page 317
Sentencing procedure……Page 320
Appeal and revision……Page 322
9 Punishment……Page 328
Available penalties……Page 332
Enforcement……Page 336
10 Victims of crimes and their concerns……Page 339
Victim participation in proceedings……Page 344
Protective measures……Page 349
Reparations for victims……Page 353
Institutions for victims……Page 354
Headquarters in The Hague……Page 358
Relationship with the United Nations……Page 360
The Presidency……Page 361
The Chambers……Page 362
O ce of the Prosecutor……Page 367
The Registry……Page 372
Advisory Committee on Legal Texts……Page 373
Detention Unit……Page 374
Outreach……Page 375
Defence bar……Page 377
Assembly of States Parties……Page 381
Review Conference……Page 382
Privileges and immunities……Page 383
Languages……Page 385
Funding……Page 386
Settlement of disputes……Page 387
Reservations……Page 388
Amendment……Page 391
Signature, ratification, approval and accession……Page 393
Authentic texts……Page 394
Appendices……Page 395
Preamble……Page 397
Article 3 Seat of the Court……Page 398
Article 6 Genocide……Page 399
Article 7 Crimes against humanity……Page 400
Article 8 War crimes……Page 401
Article 10……Page 406
Article 13 Exercise of jurisdiction……Page 407
Article 15 Prosecutor……Page 408
Article 17 Issues of admissibility……Page 409
Article 18 Preliminary rulings regarding admissibility……Page 410
Article 19 Challenges to the jurisdiction of the Court or the admissibility of a……Page 411
Article 20 Ne bis in idem……Page 412
Article 22 Nullum crimen sine lege……Page 413
Article 25 Individual criminal responsibility……Page 414
Article 28 Irrelevance of o cial capacity……Page 415
Article 30 Mental element……Page 416
Article 31 Grounds for excluding criminal responsibility……Page 417
Article 34 Organs of the Court……Page 418
Article 36 Quali.cations, nomination and election of judges……Page 419
Article 38 The Presidency……Page 422
Article 39 Chambers……Page 423
Article 41 Excusing and disquali.cation of judges……Page 424
Article 42 The Office of the Prosecutor……Page 425
Article 43 The Registry……Page 426
Article 46 Removal from office……Page 427
Article 48 Privileges and immunities……Page 428
Article 50 Official and working languages……Page 429
Article 52 Regulations of the Court……Page 430
Article 53 Initiation of an investigation……Page 431
Article 54 Duties and powers of the Prosecutor with respect to investigations……Page 432
Article 55 Rights of persons during an investigation……Page 433
Article 56 Role of the Pre-Trial Chamber in relation to a unique investigative opportunity……Page 434
Article 57 Functions and powers of the Pre-Trial Chamber……Page 435
Article 58 Issuance by the Pre-Trial Chamber of a warrant of arrest or a summons to appear……Page 436
Article 59 Arrest proceedings in the custodial State……Page 437
Article 60 Initial proceedings before the Court……Page 438
Article 61 Confirmation of the charges before trial……Page 439
Article 64 Functions and powers of the Trial Chamber……Page 441
Article 65 Proceedings on an admission of guilt……Page 443
Article 67 Rights of the accused……Page 444
Article 68 Protection of the victims and witnesses and their participation in the proceedings……Page 445
Article 69 Evidence……Page 446
Article 70 Offences against the administration of justice……Page 447
Article 72 Protection of national security information……Page 448
Article 74 Requirements for the decision……Page 450
Article 76 Sentencing……Page 451
Article 78 Determination of the sentence……Page 452
Article 81 Appeal against decision of acquittal or conviction or against sentence……Page 453
Article 83 Proceedings on appeal……Page 455
Article 84 Revision of conviction or sentence……Page 456
Article 87 Requests for cooperation: general provisions……Page 457
Article 89 Surrender of persons to the Court……Page 459
Article 90 Competing requests……Page 460
Article 91 Contents of request for arrest and surrender……Page 461
Article 92 Provisional arrest……Page 462
Article 93 Other forms of cooperation……Page 463
Article 95 Postponement of execution of a request in respect of an admissibility challenge……Page 466
Article 97 Consultations……Page 467
Article 99 Execution of requests under articles 93 and 96……Page 468
Article 100 Costs……Page 469
Article 103 Role of States in enforcement of sentences of imprisonment……Page 470
Article 105 Enforcement of the sentence……Page 471
Article 108 Limitation on the prosecution or punishment of other o ences……Page 472
Article 110 Review by the Court concerning reduction of sentence……Page 473
Article 112 Assembly of States Parties……Page 474
Article 118 Annual audit……Page 476
Article 121 Amendments……Page 477
Article 123 Review of the Statute……Page 478
Article 126 Entry into force……Page 479
Article 128 Authentic texts……Page 480
Appendix 2 States Parties and signatories to the Rome Statute……Page 481
Australia……Page 486
Colombia……Page 487
Egypt……Page 488
France……Page 490
Israel……Page 491
Malta……Page 493
New Zealand……Page 494
Spain……Page 495
Uruguay……Page 496
Germany……Page 498
Ireland……Page 499
Norway……Page 500
Sweden……Page 501
United Kingdom……Page 502
Appendix 5 Judges of the Court……Page 503
Bibliography……Page 505
Index……Page 545