Java Development with Ant

Erik Hatcher, Steve Loughran1930110588, 9781930110588, 9780585470306

Книга: Java Development with Ant
Encompassing Java-centric software project best practices for designing and automating build, test, and deployment processes using ANT, this book is written for developers using Java in large software projects and those who have reached the limits of classic IDE development systems. Benefiting developers who apply extreme programming methodology to Java projects, this resource provides detailed coverage of ANT and explains how to use it in large projects and extend it when needed. In addition to using ANT for Java applications, it includes discussions of servlets and J2EE applications, which cover the majority of Java development projects.

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Table of contents :
Java Development with Ant.pdf……Page 0
brief contents……Page 8
contents……Page 10
preface……Page 24
acknowledgments……Page 26
about this book……Page 28
about the authors……Page 33
about the cover illustration……Page 34
foreword……Page 22
1.1 What is Ant?……Page 38
1.1.2 Why do we think Ant makes a great build tool?……Page 39
1.2 The core concepts of Ant……Page 40
1.2.1 An example project……Page 42
1.3.1 Integrated development environments……Page 45
1.3.2 Make……Page 46
1.3.3 Other build tools……Page 48
1.4 The evolution of Ant……Page 49
1.5.1 eXtreme Programming……Page 51
1.6 Our example project……Page 52
1.6.1 Documentation search engine—example Ant project……Page 53
1.7 Yeah, but can Ant………Page 54
1.8.3 Microsoft .NET and other languages……Page 56
1.9 Summary……Page 57
2.1 Defining our first project……Page 58
2.3 Step two: writing your first Ant build file……Page 59
2.3.1 Examining the build file……Page 60
2.4 Step three: running your first build……Page 61
2.4.1 If the build fails……Page 62
2.4.2 Looking at the build in more detail……Page 64
2.5 Step four: imposing structure……Page 66
2.5.1 Laying out the source directories……Page 67
2.5.2 Laying out the build directories……Page 68
2.5.3 Laying out the dist directories……Page 69
2.5.5 Target dependencies……Page 70
2.5.6 Running the new build file……Page 71
2.5.7 Rerunning the build……Page 72
2.5.8 How Ant handles multiple targets on the command line……Page 73
2.6.1 Why execute from inside Ant……Page 74
2.6.3 Running the new target……Page 75
2.7 Ant command line options……Page 76
2.7.2 Controlling the amount of information provided……Page 77
2.8 The final build file……Page 79
2.9 Summary……Page 81
chapter3……Page 82
3.1.2 Property overview……Page 83
3.2 Introducing datatypes and properties with ……Page 84
3.3 Paths……Page 86
3.4 Filesets……Page 87
3.4.2 Default excludes……Page 88
3.5 Patternsets……Page 89
3.6 Selectors……Page 91
3.7 Datatype element naming……Page 92
3.8.1 Inserting date stamps in files at build-time……Page 93
3.9 FilterChains and FilterReaders……Page 94
3.10.1 Identity mappe r……Page 96
3.10.3 Merge mapper……Page 97
3.10.5 Regexp mapper……Page 98
3.10.6 Package mapper……Page 99
3.11.3 Filelist……Page 100
3.12 Properties……Page 101
3.12.1 Setting properties with the task……Page 102
3.12.3 Checking for the availability of resources: ……Page 105
3.12.5 Testing conditions with ……Page 107
3.12.6 Setting properties from the command-line……Page 109
3.12.7 Creating a build timestamp with ……Page 110
3.12.8 Loading properties from an XML file……Page 111
3.13.1 Conditional target execution……Page 112
3.13.3 Conditional build failure……Page 113
3.14 References……Page 114
3.14.1 Properties and references……Page 115
3.14.2 Using references for nested patternsets……Page 116
3.15 Best practices……Page 117
3.16 Summary……Page 118
chapter4……Page 120
4.2 Java main() testing……Page 121
4.3 JUnit primer……Page 122
4.3.3 Asserting desired results……Page 123
4.3.5 Writing a TestSuite……Page 125
4.3.7 Extensions to JUnit……Page 126
4.4.1 Writing the test first……Page 127
4.4.2 Dealing with external resources during testing……Page 128
4.5.1 Structure directories to accommodate testing……Page 129
4.5.2 Fitting JUnit into the build process……Page 130
4.6.1 Capturing test results……Page 132
4.6.2 Running multiple tests……Page 134
4.7 Generating test result reports……Page 135
4.7.1 Generate reports and allow test failures to fail the build……Page 137
4.7.3 Initializing the test environment……Page 138
4.7.4 Other test issues……Page 139
4.8 Short-circuiting tests……Page 140
4.8.1 Dealing with large number of tests……Page 143
4.9 Best practices……Page 144
4.10 Summary……Page 145
5.1 Why you need to run externalprograms……Page 146
5.2 Running Java programs……Page 147
5.2.1 Introducing the task……Page 148
5.2.2 Setting the classpath……Page 149
5.2.3 Arguments……Page 150
5.2.4 Defining system properties……Page 151
5.2.5 Running the program in a new JVM……Page 152
5.2.7 Controlling the new JVM……Page 153
5.2.8 Handling errors with failonerror……Page 154
5.2.9 Executing JAR files……Page 155
5.2.10 Calling third-party programs……Page 156
5.2.11 Probing for a Java program before calling it……Page 158
5.3 Starting native programs with……Page 159
5.3.2 Handling errors……Page 161
5.3.4 Making and executing shell commands……Page 162
5.3.5 Probing for a program before calling it……Page 164
5.4 Bulk execution with ……Page 165
5.5 Processing output……Page 166
5.7 Best practices……Page 167
5.8 Summary……Page 168
chapter6……Page 169
6.1.1 How to delete files……Page 170
6.1.2 How to copy files……Page 171
6.1.3 How to move files……Page 172
6.1.4 Filtering……Page 173
6.2.1 Building and documenting release code……Page 174
6.2.2 Adding data files……Page 176
6.2.3 Preparing documentation……Page 177
6.2.4 Preparing install scripts and documents……Page 178
6.2.5 Preparing libraries for redistribution……Page 180
6.3 Creating archive files……Page 181
6.3.2 Creating a JAR file……Page 183
6.3.3 Testing the JAR file……Page 184
6.3.4 Creating JAR manifests……Page 185
6.3.7 Signing JAR files……Page 187
6.4.1 Creating a binary distribution……Page 189
6.4.2 Creating a source distribution……Page 191
6.4.4 Zip file best practices……Page 192
6.5 Creating tar files……Page 193
6.6 Creating web applications with WARfiles……Page 195
6.7 Testing packaging……Page 196
6.8 Summary……Page 197
chapter7……Page 198
7.1.2 Tools for deployment……Page 199
7.2 Tasks for deployment……Page 200
7.2.2 Probing for server availability……Page 201
7.2.3 Inserting pauses into the build with ……Page 203
7.2.4 Ant’s email task……Page 204
7.2.5 Fetching remote files with ……Page 205
7.3 FTP-based distribution of apackagedapplication……Page 206
7.3.1 Asking for information with the task……Page 207
7.4 Email-based distribution of apackagedapplication……Page 208
7.5 Local deployment to Tomcat4.x……Page 209
7.5.1 The Tomcat management servlet API……Page 210
7.5.2 Deploying to Tomcat with Ant……Page 211
7.6 Remote deployment to Tomcat……Page 216
7.6.1 Interlude: calling targets with ……Page 217
7.6.2 Using in deployment……Page 220
7.8 Summary……Page 222
8.1 Our application thus far……Page 223
8.2 Building the custom Ant task library……Page 224
8.3 Loading common properties across multipleprojects……Page 229
8.4 Handling versioned dependencies……Page 231
8.4.1 Installing a new library version……Page 233
8.5.4 Make it portable……Page 235
8.6 Summary……Page 236
chapter9……Page 240
9.1.1 Analyzing your project……Page 241
9.1.3 Evolve the build file……Page 243
9.2 Migrating to Ant……Page 244
9.3 The ten steps of migration……Page 245
9.3.2 Migrating from IDE-based projects……Page 246
9.4.1 Refactoring build files……Page 247
9.4.3 Example: a basic master build file……Page 248
9.4.4 Designing a scalable, flexible master build file……Page 250
9.5.1 How to control properties of child projects……Page 256
9.5.2 Inheriting properties and references from a master build file……Page 258
9.5.3 Declaring properties and references in ……Page 259
9.5.4 Sharing properties via XML file fragments……Page 260
9.5.5 Sharing targets with XML file fragments……Page 262
9.6 Creating reusable library build files……Page 263
9.7 Looking ahead: large project support evolution……Page 265
9.8 Ant project best practices……Page 266
9.8.2 Implementing processes……Page 267
9.9 Summary……Page 268
chapter10……Page 269
10.1.1 So, what is an “optional” task?……Page 270
10.1.2 Ant’s major optional tasks……Page 271
10.2.1 Manipulating property files……Page 272
10.2.2 Adding audio and visual feedback during a build……Page 274
10.2.3 Adding dependency checks……Page 276
10.2.4 Grammar parsing with JavaCC……Page 278
10.2.5 Regular expression replacement……Page 279
10.3.1 CVS……Page 280
10.3.2 ClearCase……Page 281
10.4.1 Defining tasks with ……Page 282
10.5.1 Checkstyle……Page 283
10.5.2 Torque–object-relational mapping……Page 285
10.6 The ant-contrib tasks……Page 288
10.8 Best practices……Page 293
10.9 Summary……Page 294
chapter11……Page 295
11.2 To-do list generation……Page 296
11.3 XDoclet architecture……Page 297
11.3.1 XDoclet’s Ant tasks……Page 298
11.3.2 Templating……Page 299
11.4 Writing your own XDoclet template……Page 300
11.4.1 Code generation……Page 302
11.4.2 Per-class versus single-file generation……Page 307
11.5 Advanced XDoclet……Page 308
11.5.2 Creating a custom tag handler……Page 309
11.6.1 XDoclet versus C#……Page 310
11.7.1 Dependency checking……Page 311
11.8 Summary……Page 312
chapter12……Page 313
12.1 How are web applications different?……Page 314
12.2.1 Creating a tag library……Page 315
12.2.2 Integrating tag libraries……Page 321
12.2.3 Summary of taglib development with Ant……Page 322
12.3 Compiling JSP pages……Page 323
12.3.2 Using the task……Page 324
12.3.3 JSP compilation for deployment……Page 326
12.4.1 Filterset-based customization……Page 327
12.4.2 Customizing deployment descriptors with XDoclet……Page 329
12.5.1 Generating new content……Page 332
12.5.2 Creating new files……Page 333
12.6 Testing web applications with HttpUnit……Page 334
12.6.1 Writing HttpUnit tests……Page 335
12.6.2 Compiling the tests……Page 337
12.6.4 Running the HttpUnit tests……Page 338
12.6.5 Integrating the tests……Page 339
12.6.7 Canoo WebTest……Page 341
12.7 Server-side testing with Cactus……Page 345
12.7.1 Cactus from Ant’s perspective……Page 346
12.7.2 How Cactus works……Page 348
12.7.4 Cactus summary……Page 349
12.8 Summary……Page 350
chapter13……Page 352
13.1 Preamble: all about XML libraries……Page 353
13.2 Validating XML……Page 354
13.2.1 When a file isn’t validated……Page 355
13.2.2 Resolving XML DTDs……Page 356
13.2.3 Supporting alternative XML validation mechanisms……Page 357
13.3 Transforming XML with XSLT……Page 358
13.3.1 Using the XMLCatalog datatype……Page 360
13.4 Generating an XML build log……Page 362
13.4.1 Stylesheets……Page 363
13.4.2 Output files……Page 364
13.4.3 Postprocessing the build log……Page 365
13.5 Loading XML data into Antproperties……Page 366
13.7 Summary……Page 367
14.1 EJB overview……Page 368
14.1.2 EJB JAR……Page 369
14.2 A simple EJB build……Page 370
14.3 Using Ant’s EJB tasks……Page 371
14.4 Using ……Page 372
14.4.1 Vendor-specific processing……Page 374
14.5 Using XDoclet for EJB development……Page 375
14.5.1 XDoclet subtasks……Page 376
14.5.2 XDoclet’s @tags……Page 377
14.5.4 Ant property substitution……Page 378
14.6 Middlegen……Page 380
14.7 Deploying to J2EE application servers……Page 383
14.8 A complete EJB example……Page 384
14.10 Summary……Page 389
chapter15……Page 390
15.1 What are web services and what is SOAP?……Page 391
15.2 Creating a SOAP client application with Ant……Page 392
15.2.1 Preparing our build file……Page 393
15.2.2 Creating the proxy classes……Page 394
15.2.4 Compiling the SOAP client……Page 396
15.2.5 Running the SOAP service……Page 397
15.3 Creating a SOAP service with Axisand Ant……Page 398
15.3.1 The simple way to build a web service……Page 399
15.4.1 Configuring the web application……Page 402
15.4.3 Including SOAP services in the build……Page 403
15.4.4 Testing the server for needed classes……Page 404
15.4.6 Deploying our web service……Page 405
15.5.1 Importing the WSDL……Page 406
15.5.2 Implementing the tests……Page 407
15.5.3 Writing the Java client……Page 410
15.7 Building a C# client……Page 411
15.7.1 Probing for the classes……Page 412
15.7.2 Importing the WSDL in C#……Page 413
15.7.4 Building the C# client……Page 414
15.7.5 Running the C# client……Page 415
15.8 The rigorous way to build a webservice……Page 416
15.9 Reviewing web service development……Page 417
15.10 Calling Ant via SOAP……Page 418
15.11 Summary……Page 419
chapter16……Page 421
16.1.1 The Windows way……Page 422
16.2 CruiseControl……Page 423
16.2.2 It’s all about the cruise—getting the build runner working……Page 424
16.2.3 Build log reporting……Page 430
16.2.7 Pros and cons to CruiseControl……Page 431
16.3 Anthill……Page 432
16.3.1 Getting Anthill working……Page 433
16.3.2 How Anthill works……Page 434
16.3.3 Anthill summary……Page 435
16.4.1 Installing and running Gump……Page 436
16.4.2 How Gump works……Page 438
16.4.3 Summary of Gump……Page 439
16.5 Comparison of continuous integration tools……Page 440
16.6 Summary……Page 441
17.1 The challenge of native code……Page 442
17.2.1 Delegating to an IDE……Page 443
17.2.2 Using Make……Page 444
17.3.1 Installing the tasks……Page 445
17.3.3 A quick introduction to the task……Page 446
17.4 Building a JNI library in Ant……Page 447
17.4.1 Steps to building a JNI library……Page 448
17.4.2 Writing the Java stub……Page 449
17.4.3 Writing the C++ class……Page 450
17.4.4 Compiling the C++ source……Page 451
17.4.5 Deploying and testing the library……Page 454
17.5.1 Migrating the C++ source……Page 457
17.5.2 Extending the build file……Page 458
17.5.4 Porting the code……Page 459
17.6.1 Defining preprocessor macros……Page 460
17.6.2 Linking to libraries with ……Page 461
17.6.3 Configuring compilers and linkers……Page 462
17.6.4 Customizing linkers……Page 463
17.7 Distributing native libraries……Page 464
17.8 Summary……Page 465
chapter18……Page 466
18.1.1 Fundamentally different underlying behaviors……Page 467
18.1.2 Different Java run-time behavior……Page 468
18.1.3 Coping with different API implementations……Page 469
18.1.7 Server-specific management……Page 471
18.2.2 Operations tests……Page 472
18.2.4 Integrating operations with the build process……Page 473
18.3.2 Have a unified target for creating the archive files……Page 475
18.3.3 Run Ant server-side to deploy……Page 476
18.4.1 The task……Page 477
18.4.3 Remote control with ……Page 478
18.5.1 The plan……Page 481
18.5.5 The remote build.xml build file……Page 482
18.5.6 Writing the build file for installing to a server……Page 484
18.5.7 Uploading to the remote server……Page 485
18.5.8 The remote deployment in action……Page 489
18.5.9 Reviewing the deployment process……Page 490
18.6.1 Tomcat 4.0 and 4.1……Page 491
18.6.3 HP Bluestone application server……Page 493
18.7 Verifying deployment……Page 494
18.7.2 Adding the timestamp file to the application……Page 495
18.8 Best practices……Page 497
18.9 Summary……Page 498
chapter19……Page 502
19.1.1 The world’s simplest Ant task……Page 503
19.1.3 Task lifecycle……Page 504
19.2.1 Task……Page 505
19.2.2 Project……Page 506
19.2.5 DirectoryScanner……Page 507
19.2.7 FileUtils……Page 508
19.3.1 Setting attributes……Page 509
19.3.2 Supporting nested elements……Page 515
19.3.3 Supporting datatypes……Page 516
19.3.4 Allowing free-form body text……Page 517
19.4.1 Adding an attribute to a task……Page 518
19.4.2 Handling element text……Page 519
19.5 Operating on a fileset……Page 520
19.6 Error handling……Page 521
19.8 Executing external programs……Page 522
19.9.1 Example task to execute a forked Java program……Page 525
19.10 Supporting arbitrarily named elements and attributes……Page 528
19.11 Building a task library……Page 530
19.13 Summary……Page 532
chapter20……Page 533
20.1 Scripting within Ant……Page 534
20.1.1 Implicit objects provided to ……Page 535
20.1.2 Scripting summary……Page 536
20.2 Listeners and loggers……Page 537
20.2.1 Writing a custom listener……Page 538
20.2.2 Using Log4j logging capabilities……Page 541
20.2.3 Writing a custom logger……Page 544
20.2.4 Using the MailLogger……Page 548
20.3 Developing a custom mapper……Page 549
20.4 Creating custom selectors……Page 550
20.4.1 Using a custom selector in a build……Page 551
20.5 Implementing a custom filter……Page 552
20.5.1 Coding a custom filter reader……Page 554
20.6 Summary……Page 555
appendixa……Page 558
appendixb……Page 567
appendixc……Page 571
appendixd……Page 579
appendixe……Page 596
index……Page 660
Resources……Page 656