Atlas of plastics additives: analysis by spectrometric methods

Dietrich O. Hummel3540424148, 9783540424147

Instrumental, especially spectrometric, methods are widely used in analytical laboratories for identification and quantitative determination of complex organic systems, as Dieter Hummel has shown this in earlier works for polymeric materials of all kinds. In “Atlas of Plastics Additives”, Hummel describes the application of vibrational (FTIR, UV, Raman) and mass spectrometries and of other instrumental techniques for identification and structure elucidation of plastics additives, e.g., antioxidants, stabilizers, plasticizers, pigments, rubber chemicals. The state of the art is condensed in numerous tables and figures, which also allow the interpretation of spectra. Especially remarkable is a collection of the FTIR spectra of 780 selected additives, together with structures and legends. This book is especially useful for practitioners in plastics processing and production, as well as the plastics additives industry for the quality control of educts.

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Table of contents :
Front Matter……Page 1
Preface……Page 3
Indexes……Page 0
Table of Contents……Page 4
Front Matter……Page 9
Preface……Page 11
1. Introduction……Page 13
2.2 Solution Precipitation……Page 14
2.3 Separation of Additive Mixtures into Components……Page 16
3.1 Fundamentals……Page 18
3.2 Sample Preparation and Measurement……Page 19
3.3 Conventional and Computer-Supported Interpretation of IR Spectra……Page 21
3.4.1 Storage of Spectra in the Computer……Page 22
3.4.2 The Search for Similarity and Equality (“Identity”)……Page 23
4.2 Applications of RS in the Field of Plastics Additives……Page 27
4.3.2 RS Combined with Light Microscopy……Page 33
5.2 Antioxidants……Page 37
5.4 Pigments……Page 39
5.5 Plasticizers……Page 40
6.2 Applications……Page 42
7.1.2 Ionization……Page 44
7.2 Mass Spectrometry with Electron Impact Ionization (EIMS)……Page 45
7.3.1 (Pyrolysis-) Field Ionization (FI) and Field Desorption Mass Spectrometry (Py-FIMS, FDMS)……Page 47
7.3.2 Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (CIMS)……Page 51
7.3.3 Fast-Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry (FAB-MS)……Page 53
7.3.4.1 Matrix-Assisted Laser-Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) Mass Spectrometry……Page 54
7.3.4.2 Laser-Desorption FT-Ion Cyclotron Resonance (LD/FT-ICR) Mass Spectrometry……Page 55
7.4.1 On-Line Coupling of GC with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)……Page 58
7.4.3 A Typical Investigation……Page 59
7.5.2 MS-MS of Additives……Page 60
8.3 Organic Pigments……Page 81
9.1 Atomic Emission Spectroscopy……Page 83
9.3 Analysis of Surfaces: X-Ray Induced Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)……Page 85
10.1 Books, Monographs, Reviews……Page 87
10.2.1 Additives in General……Page 88
10.2.2 Antioxidants……Page 90
10.2.3 Pigments, Fillers……Page 91
10.2.4 Plasticizers……Page 93
10.2.6 Rubber Chemicals……Page 94
10.2.7 Flameproofing and Blowing Agents, Antistatics, Biocides and Other Additives……Page 95
10.2.8 Computer-Aided Data Evaluation, Special Techniques in Instrumental Analysis……Page 96
1. Decimal Classification of Additives……Page 98
1. Decimal Classification of Additives……Page 109
User’s Guide……Page 119
Antioxidants, Ageing Inhibitors……Page 120
1. Introduction……Page 158