Environmental Instrumentation and Analysis Handbook

Randy D. Down, Jay H. Lehr047146354X, 9780471463542, 9780471473329

A comprehensive resource for information about different technologies and methods to measure and analyze contamination of air, water, and soil. * Serves as a technical reference in the field of environmental science and engineering * Includes information on instrumentation used for measurement and control of effluents and emissions from industrial facilities that can directly influence the environment * Focuses on applications, making it a practical reference tool

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Table of contents :
ENVIRONMENTAL INSTRUMENTATION AND ANALYSIS HANDBOOK……Page 3
CONTENTS……Page 7
Preface……Page 11
PART I INSTRUMENTATION METHODOLOGIES……Page 13
1 Influence of Regulatory Requirements on Instrumentation Design……Page 15
2 In Situ Versus Extractive Measurement Techniques……Page 25
3 Validation of Continuous Emission Monitor (CEM) System Accuracy and Reliability……Page 61
4 Integration of CEM into Distributed Control Systems……Page 73
5 Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy……Page 99
6 Ultraviolet Analyzers……Page 131
7 Total Hydrocarbon Analysis Using Flame Ionization Detector……Page 159
8 Gas Chromatography in Environmental Analysis……Page 169
9 Online Analysis of Environmental Samples by Mass Spectrometry……Page 199
10 Photoionization……Page 233
11 Portable Versus Stationary Analytical Instruments……Page 249
12 Application of XRF to the Analysis of Environmental Samples……Page 263
13 Laboratory Analysis……Page 283
14 Solid-Phase Microextraction……Page 307
15 Continuous Particulate Monitoring……Page 341
16 Gas Survey Instruments……Page 367
17 Ion Chromatography for the Analysis of Inorganic Anions in Water……Page 383
18 Ultraviolet–Visible Analysis of Water and Wastewater……Page 413
PART II WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS……Page 429
19 Thermal Conductivity Detectors……Page 431
20 Opacity Monitors……Page 445
21 Temperature Measurement……Page 457
22 pH Analyzers and Their Application……Page 471
23 Conductivity Analyzers and Their Application……Page 503
24 Turbidity Monitoring……Page 523
25 Watershed Scale, Water Quality Monitoring–Water Sample Collection……Page 559
PART III GROUND WATER MONITORING……Page 577
26 Level Measurements in Groundwater Monitoring Wells……Page 579
27 Laboratory Analysis of Wastewater and Groundwater Samples……Page 605
28 Techniques for Groundwater Sampling……Page 617
29 Soil Permeability and Dispersion Analysis……Page 637
30 Passive Sampling……Page 691
31 Instrumentation in Groundwater Monitoring……Page 699
32 Microbiological Field Sampling and Instrumentation in Assessment of Soil and Groundwater Pollution……Page 713
PART IV WASTEWATER MONITORING……Page 743
33 Use of Instrumentation for pH Control……Page 745
34 Automatic Wastewater Sampling Systems……Page 753
35 Optimum Wastewater Sampling Locations……Page 781
36 Wastewater Level Measurement Techniques……Page 803
PART V AIR MONITORING……Page 827
37 Data Acquisition Systems for Ambient Air Monitoring……Page 829
38 Air Pollution Control Systems……Page 859
39 Measurement of Ambient Air Quality……Page 875
PART VI FLOW MONITORING……Page 907
40 Air Flow Measurement……Page 909
41 Gas Flow Measurement……Page 923
42 Non-Open-Channel Flow Measurement……Page 957
43 Open-Channel Wastewater Flow Measurement Techniques……Page 971
44 Compliance Flow Monitoring in Large Stacks and Ducts……Page 1005
Index……Page 1027