Supervision of Concrete Construction Viewpoint Publication Series

Dr J Richardson9780863100123, 0-86310-012-0, 0-203-21001-8, 0-203-26793-1

These two volumes provide authoritative guidance on all aspects of concrete construction from the point of view of the supervisor responsible for the work on site. They will also be of value to the section manager, foreman, clerk of works as well as to the design and construction engineer who need to understand the basic principles of good concrete practice. With numerous sketches, illustrations, photographs and checklists Supervision of Concrete Construction is a clear and accessible guide to achieving good concrete.

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Table of contents :
Book Cover……Page 1
Title……Page 2
Copyright……Page 3
Contents……Page 4
Author’s note……Page 10
Foreword……Page 11
1. Introduction……Page 12
Specification……Page 14
Bill of Quantities……Page 16
Steel reinforcement details and schedules……Page 22
Drawings and details prepared by the contractor……Page 23
Checklist……Page 25
3. Planning the construction process……Page 26
Graphs……Page 27
Bar charts……Page 28
Precedence diagrams……Page 30
Networks……Page 31
Line of balance……Page 33
Planning procedures for a small concreting operation……Page 34
Site layout……Page 39
Precast site or works layout……Page 41
Planning for the use of cranes……Page 44
The use of derrick cranes……Page 45
Checklist……Page 46
Common Law rights……Page 47
Statute Law……Page 48
The problems facing supervision……Page 49
Hazards in construction……Page 51
Avoiding hazards in construction……Page 55
The Health and Safety Inspector……Page 56
Checklist……Page 57
Concrete……Page 59
Strain……Page 61
Creep and drying shrinkage……Page 62
Swelling and plastic shrinkage……Page 65
Heat of hydration……Page 66
Durability……Page 67
Cracking……Page 68
Maturity of concrete……Page 69
Admixtures……Page 70
PFA (fly-ash)……Page 71
Steel reinforcement……Page 74
Cover to reinforcement……Page 75
Corrosion……Page 77
Carbonation……Page 78
Structural mechanics……Page 79
Compression and tension……Page 83
Prestressed concrete……Page 84
Concrete for prestressing……Page 85
Fire resistance of reinforced and prestressed concrete……Page 86
Air-entrained concrete……Page 88
6. Supervisory skills……Page 90
The supervisor’s management role……Page 91
Cost of supervisory training related to other capital outlay……Page 92
Company backing……Page 93
Rights of gang maintained……Page 94
Supervisor’s understanding of the work……Page 95
Assistance with personal matters……Page 96
Enthusiasm as a part of supervision……Page 97
Freedom from supervision……Page 98
Training for the supervisor……Page 99
The supervisor and his colleagues in supervision……Page 100
Development of supervisory skills……Page 101
Checklist……Page 102
The process of mix design……Page 104
Cement……Page 105
Aggregates……Page 106
Aggregates……Page 107
The water content……Page 108
Combining coarse and fine aggregate……Page 109
Continuous and gap-graded aggregates……Page 110
Effects of aggregate shape……Page 112
Reference samples……Page 114
Workability and its relationship to water content……Page 115
Changes to the amount of water required……Page 116
Compressive strength……Page 117
Forecasting strength……Page 118
The Procedure……Page 119
Summary……Page 120
Example 1……Page 121
Example 2……Page 123
Trial mixes……Page 125
Example 2: Mix costs……Page 127
Conditions of testing……Page 128
The application of strength as a means of quality control……Page 130
Quality control of the materials……Page 133
The tests and data used for quality control of concrete……Page 134
Aggregates……Page 135
Routine testing of concrete……Page 136
The tests……Page 137
The control mix……Page 138
Test information……Page 139
Conclusion……Page 140
Appendix: workability and cohesion……Page 141
8. Accuracy in construction……Page 143
Achieving the required accuracy……Page 144
Checklist……Page 156
Construction joints……Page 157
Joints between precast concrete elements……Page 161
Open joints……Page 163
Wet cast concrete connections……Page 164
Dry packed concrete connections……Page 167
Points of supervision……Page 169
Working conditions……Page 170
Preliminaries……Page 171
Setting out……Page 173
Excavation……Page 175
Blinding……Page 176
Ground beams and pile caps……Page 179
Joints……Page 180
Access and placement into slab forms……Page 181
Finishing……Page 183
Curing……Page 184
Erecting the first form……Page 186
Locating the second form……Page 187
Features and projecting nibs……Page 190
Stopends……Page 191
The concreting operation in walling……Page 193
Wall formwork striking……Page 194
Column casting……Page 195
Column form striking……Page 196
Beam construction……Page 197
Striking beam formwork……Page 200
Floor casting—suspended floors……Page 201
Table forms in slab construction……Page 202
Spandril walls……Page 203
Stair construction……Page 206
Bin and hopper construction……Page 208
Culvert, tunnel and shaft construction……Page 209
Shafts and access chambers……Page 210
Checklist……Page 211
Footings and foundations……Page 214
Concreting……Page 222
Piling……Page 225
Diaphragm wall construction……Page 233
Points of supervision……Page 238
Statutory requirements……Page 241
Loading……Page 242
Supports……Page 243
Checking……Page 245
Propping and re-propping……Page 248
Quickstrip systems……Page 249
Checklist……Page 251
13. Formwork……Page 252
An outline scheme……Page 254
Traditional formwork methods……Page 257
Pressures on formwork……Page 258
Reference material……Page 261
Plywood……Page 262
Proprietary formwork……Page 263
Purchase or hire……Page 264
The plate or form panel……Page 265
Proprietary props……Page 266
Telescopic and adjustable centres……Page 267
Column clamps……Page 268
System formwork for slabs……Page 269
Table forms, L forms and special configurations such as tunnel forms……Page 270
Ties……Page 271
Coil tie systems……Page 272
Tie rods……Page 273
Snap ties……Page 274
Aluminium……Page 276
Paper……Page 277
Plastics……Page 278
Fabricated polystyrene void formers and forms……Page 279
Steel sheathing systems……Page 280
Circular work……Page 281
Checklist……Page 282
Points of supervision……Page 287
14. Surface finish……Page 288
Specification covering surface finish……Page 289
Supervising the surface finish of concrete……Page 292
Aggregates and cement……Page 296
Formwork and moulds……Page 298
Construction joints and casting sequence……Page 302
Concrete placement……Page 304
Form oils and parting agents……Page 305
Retarders (surface-acting)……Page 307
The consideration of detail in production of visual concrete……Page 308
Precast surfaces……Page 311
Visual concrete using tooling to texture the surface or expose the aggregate……Page 313
Abrasive blasting……Page 315
Efflorescence and lime bloom……Page 316
Points of supervision……Page 317
CHAPTER 3: PLANNING THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS……Page 318
CHAPTER 6: SUPERVISORY SKILLS……Page 319
CHAPTER 12: FALSEWORK AND TEMPORARY WORKS……Page 320
CHAPTER 13: FORMWORK……Page 321
CHAPTER 14: SURFACE FINISH……Page 322