3D Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites

V.V. Vasiliev0-08-042702-2

Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are used in almost every type of advanced engineering structure, with their usage ranging from aircraft, helicopters and spacecraft through to boats, ships and offshore platforms and to automobiles, sports goods, chemical processing equipment and civil infrastructure such as bridges and buildlings. The usage of FRP composites continues to grow at an impassive rate as these materials are used more in their existing markets and become established in relatively new markets such as biomedical devices and civil structures. A key factor driving the increased applications of composites over the recent years is the development of new advanced forms of FRP materials. This includes developments in high performance resin systems and new styles of reinforcement, such as carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles. This book provides an up-to-date account of the fabrication, mechanical properties, delamination resistance, impact tolerance and applications of 3D FRP composites. The book focuses on 3D composites made using the textile technologies of weaving, braiding, knitting and stitching as well as by z-pinning.

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Table of contents :
Cover……Page 1
Half Title Page……Page 4
Title Page……Page 6
Copyright……Page 7
Dedications……Page 8
Preface……Page 10
Table of Contents……Page 12
1.1 Background……Page 16
1.2 Introduction to 3D FRP Composites……Page 21
2.2 Weaving……Page 28
2.3 Braiding……Page 37
2.4 Knitting……Page 47
2.5 Stitching……Page 55
2.6 Summary……Page 60
3.1 Introduction……Page 62
3.2 Liquid Moulding Techniques……Page 63
3.3 Injection Equipment……Page 67
3.4 Resin Selection……Page 69
3.5 Preform Considerations……Page 71
3.6 Tooling……Page 72
3.7 Component Quality……Page 75
3.8 Summary……Page 76
4.1 Introduction……Page 78
4.2 Fundamentals in Micromechanics……Page 79
4.3 Unit Cell Models for 2D Woven Composites……Page 85
4.4 Models for 3D Woven Composites……Page 105
4.5 Unit Cell Models for Braided and Knitted Composites……Page 115
4.6 Failure Strength Prediction……Page 119
5.1 Introduction……Page 122
5.2 Microstructural Properties of 3D Woven Composites……Page 123
5.3 In-Plane Mechanical Properties of 3D Woven Composites……Page 128
5.4 Interlaminar Fracture Properties of 3D Woven Composites……Page 143
5.5 Impact Damage Tolerance of 3D Woven Composites……Page 147
5.6 3D Woven Distance Fabric Composites……Page 148
6.1 Introduction……Page 152
6.2 In-Plane Mechanical Properties……Page 153
6.3 Fracture Toughness and Damage Performance……Page 158
6.5 Modelling of Braided Composites……Page 160
6.6 Summary……Page 161
7.1 Introduction……Page 162
7.2 In-Plane Mechanical Properties……Page 164
7.3 Interlaminar Fracture Toughness……Page 173
7.4 Impact Performance……Page 174
7.5 Modelling of Knitted Composites……Page 176
7.6 Summary……Page 177
8.1 Introduction to Stitched Composites……Page 178
8.2 The Stitching Process……Page 179
8.3 Mechanical Properties of Stitched Composites……Page 184
8.4 Interlaminar Properties of Stitched Composites……Page 197
8.5 Impact Damage Tolerance of Stitched Composites……Page 210
8.6 Stitched Composite Joints……Page 216
9.1 Introduction……Page 220
9.2 Fabrication of Z-Pinned Composites……Page 221
9.3 Mechanical Properties of Z-Pinned Composites……Page 224
9.4 Delamination Resistance and Damage Tolerance of Z-Pinned Composites……Page 226
9.5 Z-Pinned Joints……Page 231
9.6 Z-Pinned Sandwich Composites……Page 232
References……Page 234
Subject Index……Page 252
Back Cover……Page 262