Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology – Aeronautics

Robert Allen Meyers (Editor)9780122274107

Nine years has passed since the 1992 second edition of the encyclopedia was published. This completely revised third edition, which is a university and professional level compendium of chemistry, molecular biology, mathematics, and engineering, is refreshed with numerous articles about current research in these fields. For example, the new edition has an increased emphasis on information processing and biotechnology, reflecting the rapid growth of these areas. The continuing Editor-in-Chief, Robert Meyers, and the Board prepared a new topical outline of physical science and technology to define complete coverage. Section editors are either Nobel Laureates or editors of key journals in their fields. Additional Board members representing the global scientific community were also recruited.
The new 18-volume edition of the Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology, 3E, will have the added feature of an Index Volume, containing abstracts of all of the articles in the encyclopedia.
The latest edition of the Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology:
Has been completely updated with no less than 90% revised material and 50% new content throughout the volumes
Presents eighteen volumes, nearly 800 authoritative articles and 14,500 pages
Is lavishly illustrated with over 7,000 photographs, illustrations and tables
Presents an increased emphasis on the hottest topics such as information processing, environmental science, biotechnology and biomedicine
Includes a final Index Volume containing Thematic, Relational and Subject indexes

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Table of contents :
Aeronautics12.pdf……Page 0
Definitions of Avionics Components (Glossary)……Page 1
Aircraft Avionics Systems, General……Page 2
Communication and Navigation Systems in General……Page 4
Terrestrial Based Navigation Systems……Page 5
Satellite-Based Navigation Systems……Page 8
Inertial Navigation Systems……Page 9
Doppler Radar and Dead Reckoning Systems……Page 10
Collision Avoidance Systems……Page 11
Radar Altimeters……Page 12
Load Alleviation……Page 13
Suppressing Servo-Aeroelastic Instabilities……Page 16
Impact of “Smart Materials”……Page 17
References……Page 18
Glossary……Page 19
Forces in the Fluid……Page 20
Modeling of Stresses and Heat Fluxes……Page 21
Navier-Stokes Equations……Page 22
Properties of Turbulence……Page 23
Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations……Page 24
Boundary Layer Hypotheses……Page 25
Boundary Layer Characteristics……Page 26
An Example of Boundary Layers: Falkner-Skan Solutions……Page 27
Laminar-Turbulent Transition……Page 29
Turbulent Boundary Layer Structure……Page 30
Turbulence Models……Page 31
Riblets……Page 32
Laminarity……Page 33
Concluding Remarks……Page 34
References……Page 35
Glossary……Page 36
Introduction……Page 37
Aircraft Communication Systems……Page 38
Navigation……Page 39
Loran……Page 43
Automatic Direction Finding……Page 44
Satellite-Based Navigation System……Page 45
The GPS System Structure……Page 47
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)……Page 49
Inertial Navigation……Page 50
Instrument Landing System (ILS)……Page 52
Air Data System……Page 54
Attitude and Heading References……Page 56
Autopilot—Flight Management Systems (FMS)……Page 58
Glass Cockpit……Page 61
References……Page 63
Glossary……Page 64
Aircraft Flight Behavior……Page 65
The Atmosphere……Page 67
Aerodynamic Forces and Considerations……Page 68
Propulsion Subsystems……Page 69
Weight Fractions……Page 71
Cruise Flight……Page 72
Other Flight in the Vertical Plane……Page 77
Turning Flight……Page 80
Piston–Propeller Aircraft……Page 81
Turboprop and Turbofan Aircraft……Page 83
Drag Reduction……Page 85
Propulsive Efficiency……Page 87
Vertical and Short Takeoff and Landing Aircraft……Page 88
Military Aircraft……Page 90
Advanced Supersonic Commercial Aircraft……Page 93
Hypersonic Aircraft and the National Aerospace Plane……Page 95
References……Page 96
Glossary……Page 97
Instrument Systems and Errors……Page 98
Altitude Equations……Page 100
True Airspeed Equations……Page 101
Static-Pressure Tubes……Page 102
Flow Field……Page 104
Pitot–Static Installations……Page 105
Fuselage Vent Installations……Page 106
Flight Calibration Methods……Page 107
Background……Page 110
Altimeters……Page 111
Effects of Pressure and Temperature……Page 112
Operational Aspects……Page 114
References……Page 115
Glossary……Page 116
References……Page 132
Glossary……Page 133
Introduction……Page 135
Regulation of Air Safety……Page 138
Air Taxi Airplanes……Page 139
Personal and Private Airplanes……Page 140
Agricultural and Aerial Work Airplanes……Page 141
Avionics and Cockpit Design……Page 142
Boundary Layer Airflows……Page 143
Configurations……Page 144
Structures and Materials……Page 145
Propulsion……Page 146
References……Page 147
Glossary……Page 148
Basic Applications……Page 149
How Aerodynamics is Subdivided……Page 151
Incompressible versus Compressible Flows……Page 152
Mach-Number Regimes……Page 153
Inviscid Incompressible Flow……Page 155
Inviscid Compressible Flow……Page 160
Viscous Flow……Page 165
Two Modern Aerodynamic Inventions……Page 167
References……Page 168
History……Page 169
Flapping……Page 174
Main Rotor Control……Page 175
Tail Rotor Control……Page 176
Helicopter Performance……Page 177
Design Variables……Page 178
Types of Main Rotors……Page 179
References……Page 180
Glossary……Page 181
Historical Introduction……Page 182
The Role of Structural Analysis……Page 183
Mechanics of Aerospace Structures……Page 184
Strain Tensor……Page 185
Constitution……Page 186
Isotropic Elastic Materials……Page 187
Equilibrium of Advanced Beams……Page 188
Bending and Extension of Advanced Beams……Page 189
Example……Page 191
Variational Methods……Page 195
The Finite Element Method……Page 197
References……Page 199
Glossary……Page 200
History and Possible Applications……Page 201
Atmosphere, Mach……Page 203
Air Intakes and Diffuser……Page 204
Fuels……Page 205
Combustor……Page 206
Thrust Calculation……Page 207
Thrust-Drag Balance……Page 208
Liquid Fuelled Ramjet……Page 209
Ducted Rocket……Page 210
Rustique Ducted Rocket……Page 212
Supersonic Combustion……Page 213
Fuels……Page 214
Development Facilities……Page 215
References……Page 217
Glossary……Page 218
Types of V/Stol Aircraft……Page 219
Static Thrust……Page 223
Fountain Effect and Suckdown……Page 224
Glauert’s Hypothesis……Page 225
Aerodynamics of High Lift……Page 226
References……Page 227