Encyclopedia of Population

Paul George Demeny, Geoffrey McNicoll9780028656779, 9780028659176, 0028656776, 0028656784, 0028656792

Population means more than people, births, and deaths. Population studies measure how people live, the environment they live in, and the resources to support life. The 336 articles in the Encyclopedia of Population discuss topics as varied as Divorce, Immigration, Land use, and Prehistoric populations. A topical outline provides a thematic view of the encyclopedia’s content, which ranges from population theory to the cultural and political aspects of population.Each entry is 500 to 1,000 words in length, contains a bibliography, and is signed by one of 278 authors — all published scholars from around the world. Among the longer entries are Climate change and population; Diseases, infectious; and Sexuality in humans. As is expected within the field of population, many charts, tables, and graphs accompany the text, including several in an appendix. Biographical entries on 60 individuals whose work was important in the development of population studies — for example, Thomas Malthus, Karl Marx, and Margaret Sanger — are included. Finding aids include an alphabetical list of articles, see and see also references, and an extensive index.The Encyclopedia of Population is a successor to the International Encyclopedia of Population (Free Press, 1982). This earlier work focused on entries by country, whereas the later title focuses on themes and topics in population. Although the number of entry headings has doubled, the page numbers haven’t, so expect concision and some dropped content. Appropriate for academic libraries, particularly those with programs in population studies, world economics, political science, and world development.

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Table of contents :
COVER PAGE……Page 1
EDITORIAL BOARD……Page 3
Title Page – Volume 1……Page 4
ISBN 0028656776……Page 5
CONTENTS……Page 6
EDITORIAL AND PRODUCTION STAFF……Page 7
PREFACE……Page 8
LIST OF ARTICLES……Page 11
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS……Page 20
TOPICAL OUTLINE……Page 32
ABSTINENCE……Page 38
ACCIDENTS……Page 39
ACTION THEORY IN POPULATION RESEARCH……Page 43
ACTUARIAL ANALYSIS……Page 46
ADOLESCENT FERTILITY……Page 51
ADOPTION……Page 53
AFRICAN-AMERICAN POPULATION HISTORY……Page 57
AGE MEASUREMENT……Page 59
AGE STRUCTURE AND DEPENDENCY……Page 61
AGING AND LONGEVITY, BIOLOGY OF……Page 65
AGING OF POPULATION……Page 69
AIDS……Page 74
ALCOHOL, HEALTH EFFECTS OF……Page 80
ANCIENT WORLD, DEMOGRAPHY OF……Page 81
ANIMAL ECOLOGY……Page 85
ANIMAL RIGHTS……Page 89
ANTHROPOLOGICAL DEMOGRAPHY……Page 91
ANTHROPOMETRY……Page 97
ARCHAEOGENETICS……Page 100
ARIÈS, PHILIPPE……Page 104
ARTIFICIAL SOCIAL LIFE……Page 105
ASYLUM, RIGHT OF……Page 107
BABY BOOM, POST–WORLD WAR II……Page 110
BECKER, GARY S…….Page 114
BERELSON, BERNARD……Page 116
BERTILLON, JACQUES……Page 117
BIBLIOGRAPHIC AND ONLINE RESOURCES……Page 118
BIODEMOGRAPHY……Page 121
BIOGEOGRAPHY……Page 124
BIOLOGY, POPULATION……Page 126
BIRTH CONTROL, HISTORY OF……Page 130
BLACK DEATH……Page 135
BLAKE, JUDITH……Page 138
BOSERUP, ESTER……Page 140
BOTERO, GIOVANNI……Page 141
BRASS, WILLIAM……Page 142
BUSINESS DEMOGRAPHY……Page 143
CALDWELL, JOHN C…….Page 146
CANCER……Page 147
CANNAN, EDWIN……Page 149
CANTILLON, RICHARD……Page 150
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE……Page 151
CARRYING CAPACITY……Page 152
CASTE……Page 154
CAUSES OF DEATH……Page 156
CENSUS……Page 159
CENTRAL PLACE THEORY……Page 163
CHILDLESSNESS……Page 165
CHINESE, OVERSEAS……Page 167
CITIES, DEMOGRAPHIC HISTORY OF……Page 170
CITIES, FUTURE OF……Page 173
CITIES, SYSTEMS OF……Page 177
CLIMATE CHANGE AND POPULATION……Page 181
COALE, ANSLEY JOHNSON……Page 189
COHABITATION……Page 190
COHORT ANALYSIS……Page 192
COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES……Page 194
COMMUNISM, POPULATION ASPECTS OF……Page 198
CONDORCET, MARQUIS DE……Page 204
CONFERENCES, INTERNATIONAL POPULATION……Page 205
CONTRACEPTION, MODERN METHODS OF……Page 207
CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE……Page 211
COST OF CHILDREN……Page 214
CRIME, DEMOGRAPHY OF……Page 217
CULTURE AND POPULATION……Page 220
CYCLES, POPULATION……Page 223
DARWIN, CHARLES……Page 226
DATA ASSESSMENT……Page 227
DATABASES, DEMOGRAPHIC……Page 230
DATA COLLECTION, ETHICAL ISSUES IN……Page 232
DAVIS, KINGSLEY……Page 234
DEFORESTATION……Page 236
DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEYS……Page 239
DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS……Page 241
DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEYS, HISTORY AND METHODOLOGY OF……Page 243
DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION……Page 247
DEMOGRAPHY, HISTORY OF……Page 253
DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION……Page 258
DEVELOPMENT, POPULATION AND……Page 263
DIETARY REGIMES……Page 271
DIFFUSION IN POPULATION THEORY……Page 274
DISABILITY, DEMOGRAPHY OF……Page 278
DISASTERS……Page 279
DISEASE, BURDEN OF……Page 281
DISEASE, CONCEPTS AND CLASSIFICATION OF……Page 284
DISEASE AND HISTORY……Page 288
DISEASES, CHRONIC AND DEGENERATIVE……Page 290
DISEASES, INFECTIOUS……Page 295
DIVORCE……Page 302
DUMONT, ARSÈNE……Page 304
EASTERLIN, RICHARD A…….Page 306
ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON POPULATION……Page 307
ECONOMIC-DEMOGRAPHIC MODELS……Page 311
EDUCATION……Page 315
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES……Page 320
EMPLOYMENT……Page 323
ENERGY AND POPULATION……Page 324
ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS……Page 329
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH……Page 333
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT, HUMAN……Page 335
EPIDEMICS……Page 339
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRANSITION……Page 344
ESTIMATION METHODS, DEMOGRAPHIC……Page 347
ETHNIC AND NATIONAL GROUPS……Page 351
ETHNIC CLEANSING……Page 354
EUGENICS……Page 356
EULER, LEONHARD……Page 359
EUTHANASIA……Page 360
EVENT-HISTORY ANALYSIS……Page 362
EVOLUTIONARY DEMOGRAPHY……Page 366
EXTERNALITIES OF POPULATION CHANGE……Page 373
EXTINCTION, HUMAN……Page 377
FAMILY……Page 380
FAMILY ALLOWANCES……Page 387
FAMILY BARGAINING……Page 389
FAMILY DEMOGRAPHY……Page 392
FAMILY LIFE CYCLE……Page 398
FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS……Page 400
FAMILY POLICY……Page 408
FAMILY RECONSTITUTION……Page 411
FAMILY SIZE DISTRIBUTION……Page 413
FAMILY SIZE INTENTIONS……Page 414
FAMINE, CONCEPTS AND CAUSES OF……Page 419
FAMINE IN AFRICA……Page 422
FAMINE IN CHINA……Page 425
FAMINE IN IRELAND……Page 427
FAMINE IN SOUTH ASIA……Page 429
FAMINE IN THE SOVIET UNION……Page 431
FARR, WILLIAM……Page 433
FECUNDITY……Page 434
FEMINIST PERSPECTIVES ON POPULATION ISSUES……Page 436
FERTILITY, AGE PATTERNS OF……Page 440
FERTILITY, BELOW-REPLACEMENT……Page 442
FERTILITY, NONMARITAL……Page 447
FERTILITY, PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS OF……Page 449
FERTILITY CONTROL, INDIRECT MEASUREMENT OF……Page 454
FERTILITY MEASUREMENT……Page 457
FERTILITY TRANSITION, SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF……Page 462
FOOD SUPPLY AND POPULATION……Page 468
FORCED MIGRATION……Page 472
FREEDMAN, RONALD……Page 475
FUTURE GENERATIONS, OBLIGATIONS TO……Page 476
GALTON, FRANCIS……Page 480
GENDER……Page 481
GENDER PREFERENCES FOR CHILDREN……Page 483
GENEALOGICAL RECORDS……Page 485
GENERATIONAL ACCOUNTING……Page 488
GENETIC TESTING……Page 490
GENOCIDE……Page 491
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS……Page 495
GEOGRAPHY, POPULATION……Page 497
GEOPOLITICS……Page 499
GINI, CORRADO……Page 503
GLASS, DAVID……Page 504
GODWIN, WILLIAM……Page 505
GOMPERTZ, BENJAMIN……Page 506
GRANDPARENTHOOD……Page 507
GRAUNT, JOHN……Page 509
HARDIN, GARRETT……Page 512
HAYAMI, AKIRA……Page 513
HEALTH SYSTEMS……Page 514
HEALTH TRANSITION……Page 516
HENRY, LOUIS……Page 520
HISTORICAL DEMOGRAPHY……Page 521
HOLOCAUST……Page 527
HOMEOSTASIS……Page 530
HOMICIDE AND SUICIDE……Page 533
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION……Page 536
HUMAN ECOLOGY……Page 538
HUNTER-GATHERERS……Page 541
Title Page – Volume 2……Page 545
IMMIGRATION, BENEFITS AND COSTS OF……Page 546
IMMIGRATION, UNAUTHORIZED……Page 549
IMMIGRATION POLICIES……Page 552
IMMIGRATION TRENDS IN MAJOR DESTINATION COUNTRIES……Page 556
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES……Page 560
INDUCED ABORTION……Page 564
INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY……Page 570
INFANTICIDE……Page 573
INFERTILITY……Page 575
INFLUENZA……Page 577
INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSFERS……Page 579
INTERNAL MIGRATION……Page 582
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION……Page 585
JOURNALS, POPULATION……Page 592
KEYFITZ, NATHAN……Page 596
KEYNES, JOHN MAYNARD……Page 597
KING, GREGORY……Page 598
KŐRÖSY, JÓZSEF……Page 599
KUCZYNSKI, R. R…….Page 600
KUZNETS, SIMON……Page 601
LABOR FORCE……Page 604
LABOR MIGRATION, INTERNATIONAL……Page 607
LANDRY, ADOLPHE……Page 611
LAND USE……Page 613
LANGUAGES AND SPEECH COMMUNITIES……Page 617
LASLETT, PETER……Page 619
LEBENSRAUM……Page 620
LEIBENSTEIN, HARVEY……Page 622
LEXIS DIAGRAM……Page 623
LIFE COURSE ANALYSIS……Page 625
LIFE SPAN……Page 627
LIFE TABLES……Page 631
LIMITS TO GROWTH……Page 639
LITERACY……Page 640
LITERATURE, POPULATION IN……Page 642
LONGITUDINAL DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEYS……Page 648
LÖSCH, AUGUST……Page 653
LOTKA, ALFRED J…….Page 654
MALTHUS, THOMAS ROBERT……Page 656
MARRIAGE……Page 658
MARX, KARL……Page 662
MASS MEDIA AND DEMOGRAPHIC BEHAVIOR……Page 663
MATERNAL MORTALITY……Page 665
MATHEMATICAL DEMOGRAPHY……Page 668
MICROECONOMICS OF DEMOGRAPHIC BEHAVIOR……Page 669
MICROSTATES, DEMOGRAPHY OF……Page 674
MIGRATION MODELS……Page 677
MILL, JOHN STUART……Page 681
MOMENTUM OF POPULATION GROWTH……Page 683
MORTALITY, AGE PATTERNS OF……Page 686
MORTALITY DECLINE……Page 691
MORTALITY DIFFERENTIALS, BY SEX……Page 699
MORTALITY DIFFERENTIALS, SOCIOECONOMIC……Page 702
MORTALITY-FERTILITY RELATIONSHIPS……Page 705
MORTALITY MEASUREMENT……Page 709
MORTALITY REVERSALS……Page 713
MULTIPLE BIRTHS……Page 716
MULTISTATE DEMOGRAPHY……Page 718
NATIONAL SECURITY AND POPULATION……Page 722
NATURAL FERTILITY……Page 725
NATURAL RESOURCES AND POPULATION……Page 726
NITROGEN CYCLE……Page 729
NOMADS……Page 730
NOTESTEIN, FRANK W…….Page 733
NUTRITION AND CALORIE CONSUMPTION……Page 735
OCCUPATION AND INDUSTRY……Page 738
OLDEST OLD……Page 741
ONE-CHILD POLICY……Page 744
OPTIMUM POPULATION……Page 747
ORGANIZATIONS, DEMOGRAPHY OF……Page 749
OUTER SPACE, COLONIZATION OF……Page 751
PALEODEMOGRAPHY……Page 754
PARENTHOOD……Page 757
PARETO, VILFREDO……Page 759
PARTNER CHOICE……Page 760
PEARL, RAYMOND……Page 761
PEOPLING OF THE CONTINENTS……Page 762
PETTY, WILLIAM……Page 766
POPULATION……Page 767
POPULATION DECLINE……Page 769
POPULATION DYNAMICS……Page 774
POPULATION ORGANIZATIONS……Page 776
POPULATION POLICY……Page 789
POPULATION REGISTERS……Page 800
POPULATION THOUGHT, CONTEMPORARY……Page 802
POPULATION THOUGHT, HISTORY OF……Page 809
POVERTY AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION……Page 822
PREHISTORIC POPULATIONS……Page 826
PRIMATE DEMOGRAPHY……Page 841
PROJECTIONS AND FORECASTS, POPULATION……Page 845
PUBLIC OPINION ON POPULATION ISSUES……Page 851
QUALITY OF POPULATION……Page 854
QUETELET, ADOLPHE……Page 856
RACIAL AND ETHNIC COMPOSITION……Page 858
REFUGEES, DEMOGRAPHY OF……Page 862
RELIGIONS, POPULATION DOCTRINES OF……Page 867
RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION……Page 872
REMOTE SENSING……Page 874
RENEWAL THEORY AND THE STABLE POPULATION MODEL……Page 876
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH……Page 880
REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS……Page 883
REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES……Page 886
RESETTLEMENT……Page 891
RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION……Page 894
RISK……Page 897
RURAL-URBAN BALANCE……Page 901
RYDER, NORMAN B…….Page 903
SANGER, MARGARET……Page 906
SAUVY, ALFRED……Page 907
SECOND DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION……Page 909
SEX RATIO……Page 912
SEX SELECTION……Page 915
SEXUALITY, HUMAN……Page 918
SIMON, JULIAN L…….Page 925
SIMULATION MODELS……Page 926
SLAVERY, DEMOGRAPHY OF……Page 932
SMALL-AREA ANALYSIS……Page 935
SOCIAL CAPITAL……Page 938
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS……Page 940
SOCIAL MOBILITY……Page 943
SOCIAL NETWORKS……Page 946
SOCIAL REPRODUCTION……Page 947
SOCIOBIOLOGY……Page 948
SPONTANEOUS ABORTION……Page 950
STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT DEMOGRAPHY……Page 952
STATES SYSTEM, DEMOGRAPHIC HISTORY OF……Page 955
STOCHASTIC POPULATION THEORY……Page 958
SUBURBANIZATION……Page 961
SÜSSMILCH, JOHANN……Page 963
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT……Page 964
TAEUBER, IRENE B…….Page 968
TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND POPULATION GROWTH……Page 969
TEMPORARY MIGRATION……Page 972
THOMAS, DOROTHY SWAINE……Page 975
THOMPSON, WARREN S…….Page 976
TOBACCO-RELATED MORTALITY……Page 978
TRANS-ATLANTIC MIGRATION……Page 979
TUBERCULOSIS……Page 983
UNWANTED FERTILITY……Page 986
URBANIZATION……Page 988
VALUE OF LIFE, ECONOMIC……Page 992
VALUES AND DEMOGRAPHIC BEHAVIOR……Page 994
VERHULST, PIERRE-FRANÇOIS……Page 996
VITAL STATISTICS……Page 997
WAR, DEMOGRAPHIC CONSEQUENCES OF……Page 1000
WATER AND POPULATION……Page 1003
WELFARE STATE……Page 1005
WHELPTON, P. K…….Page 1009
WICKSELL, KNUT……Page 1010
WOMEN’S STATUS AND DEMOGRAPHIC BEHAVIOR……Page 1011
WORLD FERTILITY SURVEY……Page 1014
WORLD POPULATION GROWTH……Page 1015
POPULATION TABLES……Page 1020
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS……Page 1030
A……Page 1032
B……Page 1034
C……Page 1035
D……Page 1039
E……Page 1042
F……Page 1045
G……Page 1048
H……Page 1049
I……Page 1051
J……Page 1053
L……Page 1054
M……Page 1056
N……Page 1059
O……Page 1061
P……Page 1062
R……Page 1066
S……Page 1067
T……Page 1072
U……Page 1073
W……Page 1075
Z……Page 1077