Elements of propulsion: gas turbines and rockets

J. Mattingly, H. von Ohain1563477793, 9781563477799

This text provides a complete introduction to gas turbine and rocket propulsion for aerospace and mechanical engineers. Building on the very successful Elements of Gas Turbine Propulsion , textbook coverage has been expanded to include rocket propulsion and the material on gas dynamics has been dramatically improved. The text is divided into four parts: basic concepts and gas dynamics; analysis of rocket propulsion systems; parametric (design point) and performance (off-design) analysis of air breathing propulsion systems; and analysis and design of major gas turbine engine components (fans, compressors, turbines, inlets, nozzles, main burners, and afterburners). Design concepts are introduced early (aircraft and rocket performance in an introductory chapter) and integrated throughout. Written with extensive student input on the design of the book, the book builds upon definitions and gradually develops the thermodynamics, gas dynamics, rocket engine analysis, and gas turbine engine principles. The book contains over 100 worked examples and numerous homework problems so concepts are applied after they are introduced. Over 600 illustrations and pictures show basic concepts, trends, and design examples. Eight computer programs accompany the text, which allow for rapid calculation of trends, “what if” questions, conceptual design, homework problems, and homework verification. The software runs in the Windows operating system on PC-compatible systems.

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Table of contents :
Front Matter……Page 1
Foreword to Second Edition……Page 5
Foreword to First Edition……Page 6
Acknowledgements……Page 45
Preface……Page 42
Z……Page 0
Table of Contents……Page 46
Nomenclature……Page 50
1.1 Propulsion……Page 54
1.2 Units and Dimensions……Page 55
1.3 Operational Envelopes and Standard Atmosphere……Page 57
1.4 Airbreathing Engines……Page 58
1.5 Aircraft Performance……Page 82
1.6 Rocket Engines……Page 102
Problems……Page 109
2.2 Equations of State and Conservation of Mass……Page 118
2.3 Steady Flow Energy Equation……Page 121
2.4 Steady Flow Entropy Equation……Page 128
2.5 Steady Flow Momentum Equation……Page 129
2.6 Perfect Gas……Page 135
2.7 Compressible Flow Properties……Page 146
2.8 One-Dimensional Gas Dynamics – Finite Control Volume Analysis and the H-K Diagram……Page 160
2.9 Nozzle Design and Nozzle Operating Characteristics……Page 174
2.10 One-Dimensional Gas Dynamics – Differential Control Volume Analysis……Page 187
2.11 Chemical Reactions……Page 192
Problems……Page 200
3.1 Introduction……Page 213
3.2 Rocket Propulsion Requirements and Capabilities……Page 218
3.3 Rocket Propulsion Engines……Page 228
3.4 Types of Rocket Nozzles……Page 241
3.5 Parameters for Chemical Rockets……Page 246
Problems……Page 280
4.2 Thrust Equation……Page 285
4.3 Note on Propulsive Efficiency……Page 295
4.4 Gas Turbine Engine Components……Page 296
4.5 Brayton Cycle……Page 304
4.6 Aircraft Engine Design……Page 309
Problems……Page 310
5.1 Introduction……Page 312
5.2 Notation……Page 313
5.4 Steps of Engine Parametric Cycle Analysis……Page 315
5.6 Ideal Ramjet……Page 317
5.7 Ideal Turbojet……Page 329
5.8 Ideal Turbojet with Afterburner……Page 342
5.9 Ideal Turbofan……Page 353
5.10 Ideal Turbofan with Optimum Bypass Ratio……Page 376
5.11 Ideal Turbofan with Optimum Fan Pressure Ratio……Page 383
5.12 Ideal Pulse Detonation Engine……Page 392
Problems……Page 395
6.2 Variation in Gas Properties……Page 405
6.3 Component Performance……Page 407
6.4 Inlet and Diffuser Pressure Recovery……Page 408
6.5 Compressor and Turbine Efficiencies……Page 410
6.6 Burner Efficiency and Pressure Loss……Page 420
6.9 Summary of Component Figures of Merit (Constant c_p Values)……Page 421
6.10 Component Performance with Variable c_p……Page 423
Problems……Page 428
7.2 Turbojet……Page 431
7.3 Turbojet with Afterburner……Page 449
7.4 Turbofan – Separate Exhaust Streams……Page 454
Problems……Page 477
8.1 Introduction……Page 487
8.2 Gas Generator……Page 497
8.3 Turbojet Engine……Page 514
8.4 Turbojet Engine with Afterbuming……Page 536
8.5 Turbofan Engine – Separate Exhausts and Convergent Nozzles……Page 549
Problems……Page 574
9.2 Euler’s Turbomachinery Equations……Page 586
9.3 Axial-Flow Compressor Analysis……Page 588
9.4 Centrifugal-Flow Compressor Analysis……Page 649
9.5 Axial-Flow Turbine Analysis……Page 656
9.6 Centrifugal-Flow Turbine Analysis……Page 717
Problems……Page 723
10.2 Inlets……Page 734
10.3 Subsonic Inlets……Page 735
10.4 Supersonic Inlets……Page 744
10.5 Exhaust Nozzles……Page 775
10.6 Introduction to Combustion Systems……Page 793
10.7 Main Burners……Page 806
10.8 Afterburners……Page 818
Problems……Page 828
Appendix A: Altitude Tables……Page 833
Appendix B: Gas Turbine Engine Data……Page 840
Appendix C: Data for Some Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engines……Page 847
Appendix D: Air and (CH_2)_n Properties at Low Pressure……Page 849
Appendix E: Turbomachinery Stresses and Materials……Page 866
Appendix F: About the Software……Page 879
Appendix G: Answers to Selected Problems……Page 885
A……Page 888
C……Page 890
D……Page 892
E……Page 893
F……Page 894
I……Page 895
M……Page 897
O……Page 898
P……Page 899
S……Page 900
T……Page 901
V……Page 903
Z……Page 904
References……Page 905