Application Guide. AG 31-003-1. Chiller Plant Design

Table of contents :
Table of Contents……Page 2
Chiller Basics……Page 4
Chillers and Energy Efficiency……Page 5
Expansion Tanks……Page 7
Condenser Water Piping……Page 8
Reverse Return/Direct Return Piping……Page 9
Piping and Energy Efficiency……Page 10
Pumping Basics……Page 11
Variable Flow Pumps……Page 13
Pumps and Energy Efficiency……Page 14
Cooling Tower Basics……Page 15
Cooling Tower Process……Page 16
Winter Operation……Page 17
Cooling Tower Controls……Page 18
Control Valve Basics……Page 20
Sizing Control Valves……Page 21
Valve Authority……Page 22
Loop Control Basics……Page 23
Piping Diversity……Page 24
Supply Air Temperature……Page 25
Condenser Water Temperature Range……Page 26
Temperature Range Trends……Page 27
Drybulb Relief……Page 28
Air-Cooled Chiller System Design……Page 29
Evaporatively Cooled Chiller System Design……Page 30
VFD Chillers……Page 31
Winter Load Application……Page 32
Total System Analysis……Page 33
Standard 15……Page 34
Restrictions on Refrigeration Use (Section 7)……Page 35
Installation Restrictions (Section 8)……Page 36
General Requirements (Section 11)……Page 37
Chillers……Page 38
Single Chiller Sequence of Operation……Page 39
Chillers……Page 41
Parallel Chiller Sequence of Operation……Page 42
Chillers……Page 44
Cooling Towers……Page 45
Series Chillers Sequence of Operation……Page 46
Series Counterflow Chillers……Page 47
System Comparison……Page 49
Basic Components……Page 51
Condenser Pumps……Page 52
Decoupler……Page 53
Decoupler Location……Page 54
System Expansion……Page 56
Varying Chiller Sizes……Page 57
Condenser Pump and Cooling Tower Operation……Page 58
Chiller Staging……Page 59
State of the Art Chiller Plant Operation……Page 60
Parallel Waterside Free Cooling……Page 61
Series Waterside Free Cooling……Page 62
Cooling Tower Sizing……Page 63
Waterside Free Cooling Sequence of Operation……Page 64
Economizers and Energy Efficiency……Page 65
Condenser Flow Requirements……Page 66
Heat Recovery Chillers……Page 67
Heat Recovery Chiller Selection……Page 69
Impact on the Rest of the HVAC Design……Page 70
Templifier™ Selection……Page 71
Templifier™ Impact On the Rest Of the HVAC Design……Page 72
ASHRAE Standard 90.1……Page 73
Chillers……Page 75
Variable Primary Flow Sequence of Operation……Page 76
Starting an Additional Chiller……Page 77
Training and Commissioning……Page 78
Low Delta T Example……Page 80
Coils and Control Valves Not Properly Selected……Page 82
Chilled Water Reset……Page 83
VFD Or Dual Compressor Chillers……Page 84
Variable Primary Flow……Page 85
Batch Load Profiles……Page 86
Chilled Water Volume……Page 87
Temperatures and Ranges……Page 88
Evaluating System Volume……Page 89
Conclusions……Page 92
References……Page 93