9th Report on Carcinogens: Revised January 2001

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ISBN: 1591243351

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1591243351


Table of contents :
Front Matter……Page 1
INTRODUCTION……Page 2
KNOWN TO BE HUMAN CARCINOGENS……Page 12
REASONABLY ANTICIPATED TO BE HUMAN CARCINOGENS……Page 15
AFLATOXINS……Page 25
ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE CONSUMPTION……Page 28
4-AMINOBIPHENYL (4-AMINODIPHENYL)……Page 31
ANALGESIC MIXTURES CONTAINING PHENACETIN……Page 34
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, INORGANIC……Page 36
ASBESTOS……Page 41
AZATHIOPRINE……Page 46
BENZENE……Page 48
BENZIDINE……Page 52
BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER AND TECHNICAL-GRADE CHLOROMETHYLMETHYL ETHER……Page 55
1,3-BUTADIENE……Page 58
1,4-BUTANEDIOL DIMETHANESULFONATE (MYLERAN®)……Page 64
CADMIUM AND CADMIUM COMPOUNDS……Page 66
CHLORAMBUCIL……Page 74
1-(2-CHLOROETHYL)-3-(4-METHYLCYCLOHEXYL)-1-NITROSOUREA (MeCCNU)……Page 77
CHROMIUM HEXAVALENT COMPOUNDS……Page 79
COKE OVEN EMISSIONS……Page 83
CONJUGATED ESTROGENS……Page 86
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE……Page 88
CYCLOSPORIN A (CICLOSPORIN)……Page 90
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL……Page 93
DYES METABOLIZED TO BENZIDINE (BENZIDINE DYE CLASS)……Page 96
DIRECT BLACK 38……Page 100
DIRECT BLUE 6……Page 103
ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE……Page 106
ERIONITE……Page 109
ETHYLENE OXIDE……Page 112
MELPHALAN……Page 120
METHOXSALEN WITH ULTRAVIOLET A THERAPY (PUVA)……Page 122
MUSTARD GAS……Page 124
2-NAPHTHYLAMINE……Page 126
RADON……Page 128
SILICA, CRYSTALLINE (Respirable Size)……Page 132
SMOKELESS TOBACCO……Page 138
SOLAR RADIATION AND EXPOSURE TO SUNLAMPS OR SUNBEDS……Page 142
SOOTS……Page 148
STRONG INORGANIC ACID MISTS CONTAINING SULFURIC ACID……Page 150
TAMOXIFEN……Page 154
TARS AND MINERAL OILS……Page 158
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD); DIOXIN……Page 166
THIOTEPA……Page 171
THORIUM DIOXIDE……Page 174
TOBACCO SMOKING……Page 177
VINYL CHLORIDE……Page 180
ACETALDEHYDE……Page 183
2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE……Page 187
ACRYLAMIDE……Page 189
ACRYLONITRILE……Page 193
ADRIAMYCIN® (DOXORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE)……Page 196
2-AMINOANTHRAQUINONE……Page 198
o-AMINOAZOTOLUENE……Page 200
1-AMINO-2-METHYLANTHRAQUINONE……Page 202
AMITROLE……Page 204
o-ANISIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE……Page 206
AZACITIDINE……Page 208
BENZOTRICHLORIDE……Page 211
BERYLLIUM AND CERTAIN BERYLLIUM COMPOUNDS……Page 213
BIS(CHLOROETHYL) NITROSOUREA……Page 217
BROMODICHLOROMETHANE……Page 219
BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE (BHA)……Page 222
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE……Page 225
CERAMIC FIBERS (RESPIRABLE SIZE)……Page 229
CHLORENDIC ACID……Page 231
CHLORINATED PARAFFINS (C12, 60% CHLORINE)……Page 233
1-(2-CHLOROETHYL)-3-CYCLOHEXYL-1-NITROSOUREA……Page 235
CHLOROFORM……Page 237
3-CHLORO-2-METHYLPROPENE……Page 240
4-CHLORO-o-PHENYLENEDIAMINE……Page 242
CHLOROPRENE……Page 244
p-CHLORO-o-TOLUIDINE and p-CHLORO-o-TOLUIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE……Page 247
CHLOROZOTOCIN……Page 250
C.I. BASIC RED 9 MONOHYDROCHLORIDE……Page 252
CISPLATIN……Page 255
p-CRESIDINE……Page 257
CUPFERRON……Page 259
DACARBAZINE……Page 261
DANTHRON (1,8-DIHYDROXYANTHRAQUINONE)……Page 263
DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane)……Page 266
2,4-DIAMINOANISOLE SULFATE……Page 269
2,4-DIAMINOTOLUENE……Page 271
1,2-DIBROMO-3-CHLOROPROPANE……Page 274
1,2-DIBROMOETHANE (ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE)……Page 277
1,4-DICHLOROBENZENE……Page 281
3,3′-DICHLOROBENZIDINE AND 3,3′-DICHLOROBENZIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE……Page 284
1,2-DICHLOROETHANE (ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE)……Page 288
DICHLOROMETHANE (METHYLENE CHLORIDE)……Page 291
1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE (TECHNICAL GRADE)……Page 294
DIEPOXYBUTANE……Page 297
DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICULATES……Page 299
DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE……Page 305
DIETHYL SULFATE……Page 309
DIGLYCIDYL RESORCINOL ETHER……Page 312
3,3′-DIMETHOXYBENZIDINE AND 3,3′-DIMETHOXYBENZIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE……Page 314
4-DIMETHYLAMINOAZOBENZENE……Page 317
3,3′-DIMETHYLBENZIDINE……Page 319
DIMETHYLCARBAMOYL CHLORIDE……Page 322
1,1-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE……Page 324
DIMETHYL SULFATE……Page 327
DIMETHYLVINYL CHLORIDE……Page 330
1,4-DIOXANE……Page 332
DISPERSE BLUE 1……Page 335
EPICHLOROHYDRIN……Page 338
ESTRADIOL-17β……Page 341
MESTRANOL……Page 350
ETHINYLESTRADIOL……Page 347
ESTRONE……Page 344
ETHYLENE THIOUREA……Page 352
ETHYL METHANESULFONATE……Page 355
FORMALDEHYDE (GAS)……Page 357
FURAN……Page 362
GLASSWOOL (Respirable Size)……Page 365
GLYCIDOL……Page 369
HEXACHLOROBENZENE……Page 371
HEXACHLOROETHANE……Page 374
HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDE……Page 377
HYDRAZINE AND HYDRAZINE SULFATE……Page 379
HYDRAZOBENZENE……Page 382
IRON DEXTRAN COMPLEX……Page 384
ISOPRENE……Page 386
KEPONE (CHLORDECONE)……Page 390
LEAD ACETATE AND LEAD PHOSPHATE……Page 392
LINDANE AND OTHER HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE ISOMERS……Page 395
2-METHYLAZIRIDINE (PROPYLENIMINE)……Page 398
4,4′-METHYLENEBIS(2-CHLOROANILINE)……Page 400
4,4′-METHYLENEBIS(N,N-DIMETHYL)BENZENAMINE……Page 403
4,4′-METHYLENEDIANILINE AND ITS DIHYDROCHLORIDE……Page 405
METHYL METHANESULFONATE……Page 408
N-METHYL-N′-NITRO-N-NITROSOGUANIDINE……Page 410
METRONIDAZOLE……Page 413
MICHLER’S KETONE (4,4′-(DIMETHYLAMINO)BENZOPHENONE)……Page 415
MIREX……Page 417
NICKEL AND CERTAIN NICKEL COMPOUNDS……Page 419
NITRILOTRIACETIC ACID……Page 424
o-NITROANISOLE……Page 427
NITROARENES (SELECTED)……Page 429
4-NITROPYRENE……Page 438
1-NITROPYRENE……Page 436
6-NITROCHRYSENE……Page 434
1,8-DINITROPYREN……Page 432
1,6-DINITROPYRENE……Page 430
NITROFEN (2,4-DICHLOROPHENYL-p-NITROPHENYL ETHER)……Page 440
NITROGEN MUSTARD HYDROCHLORIDE……Page 442
2-NITROPROPANE……Page 444
N-NITROSODI-n-BUTYLAMINE……Page 447
N-NITROSODIETHANOLAMINE……Page 450
N-NITROSODIETHYLAMINE……Page 452
N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE……Page 455
N-NITROSODI-n-PROPYLAMINE……Page 459
N-NITROSO-N-ETHYLUREA……Page 461
4-(N-NITROSOMETHYLAMINO)-1-(3-PYRIDYL)-1-BUTANONE……Page 463
N-NITROSO-N-METHYLUREA……Page 465
N-NITROSOMETHYLVINYLAMINE……Page 468
N-NITROSOMORPHOLINE……Page 470
N-NITROSONORNICOTINE……Page 472
N-NITROSOPIPERIDINE……Page 474
N-NITROSOPYRROLIDINE……Page 477
N-NITROSOSARCOSINE……Page 479
NORETHISTERONE……Page 481
OCHRATOXIN A……Page 483
4,4′-OXYDIANILINE……Page 485
OXYMETHOLONE……Page 487
PHENACETIN……Page 489
PHENAZOPYRIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE……Page 491
PHENOLPHTHALEIN……Page 493
PHENOXYBENZAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE……Page 496
PHENYTOIN……Page 498
POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS∗ (PBBs)……Page 501
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBs)……Page 504
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, 15 LISTINGS……Page 507
PROCARBAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE……Page 513
PROGESTERONE……Page 515
1,3-PROPANE SULTONE……Page 518
β-PROPIOLACTONE……Page 520
PROPYLENE OXIDE……Page 522
PROPYLTHIOURACIL……Page 525
RESERPINE……Page 527
SAFROLE……Page 530
SELENIUM SULFIDE……Page 532
STREPTOZOTOCIN……Page 534
SULFALLATE……Page 536
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PERCHLOROETHYLENE)……Page 538
TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE……Page 541
TETRANITROMETHANE……Page 543
THIOACETAMIDE……Page 546
THIOUREA……Page 548
TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE……Page 550
o-TOLUIDINE and o-TOLUIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE……Page 554
TOXAPHENE……Page 557
TRICHLOROETHYLENE……Page 559
2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL……Page 564
1,2,3-TRICHLOROPROPANE……Page 567
TRIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL) PHOSPHATE……Page 572
URETHANE……Page 575
4-VINYL-1-CYCLOHEXENE DIEPOXIDE……Page 578
REFERENCES……Page 580
Table 1. CHEMICALS NOMINATED TO THE NTP FOR IN-DEPTH TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION FOR CARCINOGENESIS TESTING IN FISCAL YEARS 1988-1998……Page 674
Table 2. CDC/NIOSH RESPONSE TO INQUIRIES ABOUT CARCINOGENS LISTED IN THE NINTH REPORT ON CARCINOGENS……Page 822
REPORT ON CARCINOGENS LISTING/DELISTING PROCEDURES……Page 823
Appendix A: Manufacturing Processes, Occupations, and Exposure Circumstances Classified by IARC as Category 1, Known Human Carcinogens……Page 827
Appendix B: Agents, Substances, Mixtures, or Exposure Circumstances Removed from the Report on Carcinogens……Page 829
Appendix C: Substances, Mixtures, or Exposure Circumstances Reviewed but not Recommended for Listing in the Report on Carcinogens……Page 839
Appendix D: List of Participants……Page 840
Appendix E: Glossary……Page 848
Appendix F: Acronyms and Abbreviations……Page 884
Appendix G: Units of Measurement……Page 889
Appendix H: CAS Registry Number Index……Page 891

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