Pediatric Fractures Dislocations and Sequelae

Table of contents :
Pediatric Fractures, Dislocations, and Sequelae……Page 5
Metacarpal base fractures and carpometacarpal dislocations……Page 7
Metacarpal shaft fractures……Page 9
Metacarpal neck fractures……Page 10
Metacarpophalangeal dislocations……Page 12
References……Page 15
Anatomic considerations……Page 17
History and physical examination……Page 18
Proximal phalanx……Page 19
Middle phalanx (P2)……Page 21
Distal phalanx (P3)……Page 22
References……Page 23
Relevant anatomy……Page 25
Mechanism of injury……Page 26
Treatment……Page 27
Type D……Page 28
Prognosis……Page 29
Mechanism of injury……Page 30
Treatment……Page 31
Surgical technique (S-H III fracture)……Page 32
References……Page 34
Scaphoid development……Page 36
Diagnosis……Page 37
Classification……Page 38
Treatment……Page 40
Summary……Page 44
References……Page 45
Clinical presentation……Page 47
Management……Page 48
Complications……Page 49
Anatomy……Page 51
Surgical management……Page 52
Results of treatment……Page 54
References……Page 55
Fracture level and pattern……Page 58
Clinical evaluation……Page 59
Technique of closed reduction……Page 60
Care after reduction……Page 61
Technique of intramedullary fixation……Page 63
External fixation……Page 67
Malunion……Page 68
References……Page 69
Relevant anatomy……Page 71
Diagnosis……Page 72
Type I (nondisplaced)……Page 73
Type III (100% displaced)……Page 74
Vascular insufficiency……Page 75
Therapy……Page 76
References……Page 77
Fractures of the lateral condyle……Page 78
Fractures of the medial condyle……Page 82
Medial epicondyle fractures……Page 83
References……Page 84
Classification of nerve injuries……Page 87
Physiology of nerve transection……Page 88
Nerve injuries associated with specific fractures……Page 89
Humerus fractures……Page 90
Forearm fractures……Page 92
Compartment syndrome……Page 94
Nerve grafting……Page 95
Summary……Page 96
References……Page 97
History……Page 99
Pathophysiology……Page 100
Clinical presentation……Page 101
Classification……Page 102
Treatment……Page 104
Preferred methods……Page 105
Moderate type……Page 106
Outcomes……Page 107
Summary……Page 108
References……Page 109
Growth plate injury……Page 112
Fracture malunions……Page 113
Ulnar variance……Page 116
Ulnar-positive variance……Page 117
Ulnar-negative variance……Page 118
References……Page 119
Deformity analysis and osteotomy planning……Page 120
Cubitus varus……Page 122
Lateral condyle fractures……Page 123
Fishtail deformity……Page 125
References……Page 127
Erratum……Page 129