Access Denied. Practice and Policy of Global Internet Filtering [censorship]

Ronald J. Deibert, John G. Palfrey, Rafal Rohozinski, Jonathan Zittrain9780262042451, 9780262541961, 9781435631717, 0262042452, 0262541963

Many countries around the world block or filter Internet content, denying access to information—often about politics, but also relating to sexuality, culture, or religion—that they deem too sensitive for ordinary citizens. Access Denied documents and analyzes Internet filtering practices in over three dozen countries, offering the first rigorously conducted study of this accelerating trend. Internet filtering takes place in at least forty states worldwide including many countries in Asia and the Middle East and North Africa. Related Internet content control mechanisms are also in place in Canada, the United States, and a cluster of countries in Europe. Drawing on a just-completed survey of global Internet filtering undertaken by the OpenNet Initiative (a collaboration of the Berkman Center for Internet and Society at Harvard Law School, the Citizen Lab at the University of Toronto, the Oxford Internet Institute at Oxford University, and the University of Cambridge) and relying on work by regional experts and an extensive network of researchers, Access Denied examines the political, legal, social, and cultural contexts of Internet filtering in these states from a variety of perspectives. Chapters discuss the mechanisms and politics of Internet filtering, the strengths and limitations of the technology that powers it, the relevance of international law, ethical considerations for corporations that supply states with the tools for blocking and filtering, and the implications of Internet filtering for activist communities that increasingly rely on Internet technologies for communicating their missions. Reports on Internet content regulation in forty different countries follow, with each country profile outlining the types of content blocked by category and documenting key findings. Contributors : Ross Anderson, Malcolm Birdling, Ronald Deibert, Robert Faris, Vesselina Haralampieva, Steven Murdoch, Helmi Noman, John Palfrey, Rafal Rohozinski, Mary Rundle, Nart Villeneuve, Stephanie Wang, and Jonathan Zittrain

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Table of contents :
Contents……Page 6
Foreword……Page 8
Preface……Page 10
Introduction……Page 18
1 Measuring Global Internet Filtering……Page 22
2 Internet Filtering: The Politics and Mechanisms of Control……Page 46
3 Tools and Technology of Internet Filtering……Page 74
4 Filtering and the International System: A Question of Commitment……Page 90
5 Reluctant Gatekeepers: Corporate Ethics on a Filtered Internet……Page 120
6 Good for Liberty, Bad for Security? Global Civil Society and the Securitization of the Internet……Page 140
Regional Overviews……Page 168
Introduction to the Regional Overviews……Page 170
Internet Filtering in Asia……Page 172
Internet Filtering in Australia and New Zealand……Page 183
Internet Filtering in the Commonwealth of Independent States……Page 194
Internet Filtering in Europe……Page 203
Internet Filtering in Latin America……Page 214
Internet Filtering in the Middle East and North Africa……Page 224
Internet Filtering in Sub-Saharan Africa……Page 230
Internet Filtering in the United States and Canada……Page 243
Country Summaries……Page 252
Introduction to the Country Summaries……Page 254
Afghanistan……Page 257
Algeria……Page 262
Azerbaijan……Page 266
Bahrain……Page 271
Belarus……Page 275
China (including Hong Kong)……Page 280
Cuba……Page 289
Egypt……Page 293
Ethiopia……Page 298
India……Page 303
Iran……Page 309
Iraq……Page 317
Israel……Page 321
Jordan……Page 325
Kazakhstan……Page 329
Kyrgyzstan……Page 334
Libya……Page 338
Malaysia……Page 342
Moldova……Page 346
Morocco……Page 350
Myanmar (Burma)……Page 355
Nepal……Page 360
North Korea……Page 364
Oman……Page 367
Pakistan……Page 372
Saudi Arabia……Page 377
Singapore……Page 381
South Korea……Page 386
Sudan……Page 392
Tajikistan……Page 402
Thailand……Page 407
Tunisia……Page 412
Ukraine……Page 417
United Arab Emirates……Page 422
Uzbekistan……Page 426
Venezuela……Page 433
Vietnam……Page 437
Yemen……Page 442
Zimbabwe……Page 446
Contributors……Page 450
Index……Page 452