Microcontroller Programming: The Microchip PIC

Julio Sanchez, Maria P. Canton9780849371899, 0849371899

From cell phones and television remote controls to automobile engines and spacecraft, microcontrollers are everywhere. Programming these prolific devices is a much more involved and integrated task than it is for general-purpose microprocessors; microcontroller programmers must be fluent in application development, systems programming, and I/O operation as well as memory management and system timing. Using the popular and pervasive mid-range 8-bit Microchip PICR as an archetype, Microcontroller Programming offers a self-contained presentation of the multidisciplinary tools needed to design and implement modern embedded systems and microcontrollers. The authors begin with basic electronics, number systems, and data concepts followed by digital logic, arithmetic, conversions, circuits, and circuit components to build a firm background in the computer science and electronics fundamentals involved in programming microcontrollers. For the remainder of the book, they focus on PIC architecture and programming tools and work systematically through programming various functions, modules, and devices. Helpful appendices supply the full mid-range PIC instruction set as well as additional programming solutions, a guide to resistor color codes, and a concise method for building custom circuit boards. Providing just the right mix of theory and practical guidance, Microcontroller Programming: The Microchip PICR is the ideal tool for any amateur or professional designing and implementing stand-alone systems for a wide variety of applications.

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Table of contents :
Microcontroller Programming: The Microchip PIC……Page 1
Table of Contents……Page 6
Preface……Page 16
Additional Material……Page 18
1.0 The Atom……Page 19
1.1 Isotopes and Ions……Page 20
1.2 Static Electricity……Page 21
1.3 Electrical Charge……Page 22
1.4 Electrical Circuits……Page 24
1.5 Circuit Elements……Page 26
1.6 Semiconductors……Page 33
2.0 Counting……Page 37
2.1 The Origins of the Decimal System……Page 38
2.2 Types of Numbers……Page 41
2.3 Radix Representations……Page 43
2.4 Number System Conversions……Page 45
3.1 Character Representations……Page 51
3.2 Storage and Encoding of Integers……Page 55
3.3 Encoding of Fractional Numbers……Page 62
3.4 Binary-Coded Decimals (BCD)……Page 69
4.0 Microcontroller Logic and Arithmetic……Page 73
4.1 Logical Instructions……Page 74
4.2 Microcontroller Arithmetic……Page 76
4.3 Bit Manipulations and Auxiliary Operations……Page 80
4.4 Unsigned Binary Arithmetic……Page 82
4.5 Signed Binary Arithmetic……Page 85
4.6 Data Format Conversions……Page 90
5.0 Digital Circuits……Page 95
5.1 The Diode Revisited……Page 96
5.2 The Transistor……Page 99
5.3 Logic Gates……Page 102
5.4 Transistor-Transistor Logic……Page 103
5.6 CMOS Logic Gates……Page 111
6.0 Power Supplies……Page 113
6.1 Clocked Logic and Flip-flops……Page 114
6.2 Clocks……Page 121
6.3 Frequency Dividers and Counters……Page 125
6.4 Multiplexers and Demultiplexers……Page 133
6.5 Input Devices……Page 136
7.0 The PICMicro Microcontroller……Page 147
7.1 PIC Architecture……Page 152
Mid-range PIC Architecture……Page 159
8.0 Processor Architecture and Design……Page 160
8.1 The Mid-range Core Features……Page 163
8.2 Mid-Range CPU and Instruction Set……Page 167
8.3 EEPROM Data Storage……Page 171
8.4 Data Memory Organization……Page 172
8.5 Mid-range I/O and Peripheral Modules……Page 176
9.0 Microchip’s MPLAB……Page 181
9.1 Integrated Development Environment……Page 183
9.2 Simulators and Debuggers……Page 188
9.3 Programmers……Page 192
9.4 Engineering PIC Software……Page 193
9.5 Pseudo Instructions……Page 204
10.0 16F84A Programming Template……Page 207
10.1 Introducing the 16F84A……Page 209
10.2 Simple Circuits and Programs……Page 212
10.3 Programming the Seven-segment LED……Page 222
10.4 A Demonstration Board……Page 224
11.0 Interrupts on the 16F84……Page 229
11.1 Interrupt Sources……Page 231
11.2 Interrupt Handlers……Page 235
11.3 Interrupt Programming……Page 236
11.4 Sample Programs……Page 247
12.0 The 16F84 Timer0 Module……Page 259
12.1 Delays Using Timer0……Page 261
12.2 Timer0 as a Counter……Page 264
12.3 Timer0 Programming……Page 265
12.4 The Watchdog Timer……Page 277
12.5 Sample Programs……Page 278
13.0 LCD Features and Architecture……Page 293
13.1 Interfacing with the HD44780……Page 297
13.2 HD44780 Instruction Set……Page 301
13.3 LCD Programming……Page 305
13.4 Sample Programs……Page 324
14.0 PIC Communications Overview……Page 357
14.1 Serial Data Transmission……Page 358
14.2 Parallel Data Transmission……Page 368
14.3 PIC fiFree-stylefl Serial Programmi……Page 369
14.4 PIC Protocol-based Serial Programming……Page 384
14.5 Sample Programs……Page 407
Data EEPROM Programming……Page 477
15.0 PIC Internal EEPROM Memory……Page 478
15.1 EEPROM Devices and Interfaces……Page 493
15.2 Sample Programs……Page 510
Analog to Digital and Realtime Clocks……Page 561
16.0 A/D Converters……Page 562
16.1 A/D Integrated Circuits……Page 564
16.2 PIC On-Board A/D Hardware……Page 567
16.3 Realtime Clocks……Page 576
16.4 Sample Programs……Page 586
Appendix A – Resistor Color Codes……Page 631
Appendix B – Building Your Own Circuit Boards……Page 633
Appendix C – Mid-range Instruction Set……Page 639
Appendix D – Supplementary Programs……Page 677
Index……Page 813